Unit 1 Study Guide

Answer with TERM

Matter

anything that has mass and volume

Independent Variable (IV)

variables that are changed and what you control (x-axis)

Dependent Variable (DV)

variables that are affected by the change of the IV (y-axis)

Trend Line / Line of Best Fit

a straight line that shows the general trend of data points on a graph

Element

an individual square on the periodic table

Compound

when two or more elements are present on the same molecule

Mixture

when two or more pure substances are present

Measurement

the size, length, or amount of something

Quantitative Data

made with instruments such as rulers, balances, graduated cylinders, beakers, and thermometers

Qualitative Date

use your senses to observe the results

Volume

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies

Mass

the quantity of matter which a body contains

Temperature

the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object

Pure Substance

an element or compound

Accuracy

correctness of a result

Precision

amount of times a result has been repeated

Conversion Factor

true ratios, represented as fractions - must include units

Mole

used to count things such as atoms and molecules

6.022×10²³

Mole Equation

Graduation

a mark on a measuring tool that tells you how much is present per mark

K = °C+273.15

Kelvin Equation

Scientific Notation

used to easily write down very large or very small numbers

What is 457,790,000 in scientific notation?

4.5779×10⁸

What is 0.000006 in scientific notation?

6 × 10^-6

What is 0.78395 in scientific notation?

7.8395 × 10⁵

What is 1.22 × 10-1 in standard notation?

0.122

What is 3.97 × 10-3 in decimal notation?

0.00397

What is 4.3 × 102 in decimal notation?

430

(|accepted-experimental|/accepted)x100

%Error Equation

Physical Property

a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance

Chemical Property

defines how that substance will react with other materials

Physical Change

any change that doesn’t change the identity of the substance

Chemical Change

any changes that change the identity of the substance

Element

Cu (Copper)

Compound

NaCl (Sodium Chloride)

Pure Substance

H₂O (Distilled Water)

Mixture

Air

Element

Is He (Helium) a compound or element?

Compound

Is CO₂ a compound or element?

100,000 mg

What is 100 g in mg?

10,000 mm

What is 0.01 km in mm?

100 mL

What is 0.1 L in mL?