Anatomy Unit Review

Superior

toward the head or upper part of a structure of the body above

Inferior
Inferior
Inferior

Toward the lower part of the body

Medial

Toward the midline of the body

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body

Superficial

Towards the surface of the body

Deep

Away from the surface of the body, deep into the body

Sagittal Plane

Cuts the body into a left half and the right half

Midsagittal

Cut made down the midline of the body so it is split into equal left and right

Frontal

Cuts the body into anterior and posterior

Transverse

Horizontal cut that splits body into superior and inferior

Dorsal Cavities

Cranial and Vertebral (Head & Spinal)

Cranial Cavity

Space inside the bony skull

Vertebral Cavity

Extends from cranial to end of the vertebral column (Spinal)

Ventral Cavities

Thoracic & Abdominopelvic

Thoracic

Upper Body

Abdominopelvic

Contains lower body organs and pelvic area (repro organs, bladder, rectum)

Reproductive

Includes the ovaries, uterus, testicles

Urinary

Regulates water levels in the body and excretes wastes found in blood

Integumentary

Outer covering to protect inner body from injuries or infections, contains sweat glands and sensory receptors

Respiratory

Removes CO2 from the body and intakes O2

Cardiovascular

How oxygen and nutrients are transported through the body tissues

Lymphatic (Immune)

Destroys viruses and bacteria, defends body against infections

Skeletal

Gives body its shape, stores calcium, protects internal organs

Muscular

Responsible for movement

Digestive

Includes esophagus, stomach, intestines

Endocrine

Consists of pineal, pituitary, and adrenal glands

Nervous

Lets you perceive sensory input and controls response using nerves

Hierarchy of Arrangement

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organism

Anatomy

Study of structure of a plant or animal

Physiology

Study of functions and processes of living organisms