Growth Development and Health Promotion of Children

What is an increase in number and size of cells?

growth

What is a gradual change and expansion, advancement from lower to more advanced stage complexity?

development

What is an increase in competence and adaptability, qualitative change?

maturation

What is the processes by which early cells and structures are systematically modified and altered?

differentiation

At what ages are growth rates fastest?

birth to 2 years, puberty to 15

What type of growth is from head to toe?

cephalocaudal

What type of growth is from the center outward

proximodistal

What factors influence growth and development?

family, culture, nutrition, nutrition, genetics, environment

At what age do you stop measuring the babies head?

24 months

What center provides a growth charts which are a series of percentile curves for selected measurements used to assess body size and monitor growth in infants, children and adolescents?

centers for disease control and preventin

What do we always weigh kids in?

kgs

Kids less than the 5th percentile are consider what?

underweight

Kids in the 5th percentile to the 84th percentile are considered what?

normal/healthy weight

Kids in the 85th percentile to the 94th percentile are considered what?

over weight

Kids in the 95th percentile or greater are considered what?

obese

What is the single most important influence on growth?

nutrition

What is crucial for early identification of concerns and intervention in childhood development?

continuous screening and assessment

What gives recommendations for childhood development?

CDC and AAP

What is the most valuable method in the assessment of development?

observation

What are the general screening instruments for childhood development?

ages and stages of questionnaire, infant development inventory, parentevalution and developmental status

What are the parts of the developmental assessment?

interview of parents, assess child’s ability to think through situations, assess child’s verbal ability carefully observe the child

What is the manner of thinking, behaving, or reacting that is a characteristics of an individual?

temperament

What captures the main growth points of a person from infancy to adulthood and focus on different facets of wants, needs and desires?

Psychosexual stages

Personality develops in predetermined order through eight stages of psychological development from what ages?

infancy to adulthood

What is Erikson’s psychosocial stage for infants?

trust/mistrust

What is Erikson’s psychosocial stage for early childhood?

autonomy vs shame/doubt

What does cognitive development result from?

interplay between innate capabilities (nature) and environmental influences (nurture)

When do kids develop the mechanism and capacity to develop speech and language skills?

when born

What is the step wise process of development of morality and moral reasoning in children created by Kohlberg?

moral development

What are the parts of development of self concept?

body image and self esteem

What type of play is when two children are playing the same thing but next to each other?

parallel play

What are the functions of childhood play?

sensorimotor development, intellectual development, morality

What can toys do to help children?

enhance children’s development, bring children and parents together, develop muscles

What is the main goal of pediatric nursing?

improve quality of health care for children and their families

What are the current childhood health problems?

obesity, t2dm, childhood injuries, violenece, vaping epidremic, mental health problems

What is effective in decreasing or eliminating childhood diseases, active and passive immunity?

immunizations

What are barriers to childhood immunizations?

parental misconceptions, inaccurate record keeping by parents and healthcare workers, lack of public awareness

What do well child visits consist of?

heigh, weight, BMI, head circumference, vitals, assessment

What does the US lag behind other developed countries in?

infant mortality

Death rates of children greater than one year of age is more or less than infants?

less

What age during childhood have the lowest death rate?

5-14 yrs old

What groups of children have increased morbidity risk?

homeless, living in poverty, low birth weight, chronic illness, foreign born adopted children, children in day care centers

Why are children more vulnerable to injury?

naturally more curious ad enjoy exploring their surroundings

What are pediatric safety concerns?

stable housing, access to resources, child’s environment