Thẻ ghi nhớ: Probability rules | Quizlet

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15 Terms

1
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What is the term for the likelihood of an event occurring?

Probability of an Event (P(E))

2
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What is the range of values a probability can take?

0 to 1 (0 = impossible, 1 = certain)

3
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What are specific sets of outcomes within the sample space called?

Events

4
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What rule applies when calculating the probability of either of two mutually exclusive events (A or B)?

Addition Rule: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

5
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What rule applies when calculating the probability of both independent events (A and B) occurring?

Multiplication Rule: P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)

6
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What rule relates the probability of an event (A) to its complement (not A)?

Complement Rule: P(not A) = 1 - P(A)

7
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What is the probability of event A happening given that event B has already occurred called?

Conditional Probability: P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B)

8
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What is the collection of all possible outcomes in a scenario called?

Sample Space

9
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Probability of an Event (P(E))

This represents the likelihood of an event E occurring. It's expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates the event is impossible and 1 indicates it's certain.

10
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Sample Space

This refers to the collection of all possible outcomes in a given experiment or scenario.

<p>This refers to the collection of all possible outcomes in a given experiment or scenario.</p>
11
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Events

These are specific outcomes or sets of outcomes within the sample space.

<p>These are specific outcomes or sets of outcomes within the sample space.</p>
12
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Addition Rule (for Mutually Exclusive Events)

This rule applies when two events (A and B) cannot happen together (they are mutually exclusive). The probability of either A or B occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities. P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

<p>This rule applies when two events (A and B) cannot happen together (they are mutually exclusive). The probability of either A or B occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities. P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)</p>
13
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Multiplication Rule (for Independent Events)

This rule applies when two events (A and B) are independent (the outcome of one doesn't affect the other). The probability of both A and B occurring is the product of their individual probabilities. P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)

<p>This rule applies when two events (A and B) are independent (the outcome of one doesn't affect the other). The probability of both A and B occurring is the product of their individual probabilities. P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)</p>
14
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Complement Rule

The probability of the event A NOT happening (complement of A) is 1 minus the probability of A happening.P(not A) = 1 - P(A)

<p>The probability of the event A NOT happening (complement of A) is 1 minus the probability of A happening.P(not A) = 1 - P(A)</p>
15
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Conditional Probability

This is the probability of event A happening given that event B has already occurred. It considers the influence of B on the likelihood of A. P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B)

<p>This is the probability of event A happening given that event B has already occurred. It considers the influence of B on the likelihood of A. P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B)</p>