US History Review: Constitutional Era to War of 1812

Alexander Hamilton

First Secretary of the Treasury; founded national bank; Federalist leader.

James Madison (role in Constitution)

"Father of the Constitution"; helped write the Bill of Rights.

George Washington (role as president)

1st President; set many precedents; warned against political parties.

John Adams

2nd President; Federalist; passed Alien & Sedition Acts.

Abigail Adams

John Adams’ wife; early advocate for women's rights.

Sedition Act

Law that punished criticism of the government; limited free speech.

XYZ Affair

French officials demanded bribes from U.S. diplomats; angered Americans.

Thomas Jefferson

3rd President; wrote Declaration of Independence; bought Louisiana Territory.

Luisiana Purchase

1803 land deal that doubled U.S. size; bought from France.

Lewis and Clark

Explored Louisiana Territory; mapped land and met Native tribes.

Sacagawea

Shoshone woman; helped guide Lewis and Clark expedition.

Impressment

British practice of kidnapping American sailors into their navy.

Embargo

Ban on trade; Jefferson’s Embargo Act hurt U.S. economy.

Tecumseh

Shawnee leader who tried to unite tribes against U.S. settlers.

The Prophet

Tecumseh’s brother; spiritual leader who urged Native resistance.

War Hawks in Congress

Young congressmen who pushed for war with Britain in 1812.

James Madison (role as president)

4th President; led U.S. during War of 1812.

Dolley Madison

Saved important items from White House during British invasion.

War of 1812 (who fought, who won)

U.S. vs. Britain; ended in a draw, but boosted U.S. pride.

On to Canada Campaign

U.S. attempt to invade Canada in War of 1812; mostly failed.

Fort McHenry and Francis Scott Key

Battle inspired Key to write the “Star-Spangled Banner.”

Battle of New Orleans

Major U.S. victory after war ended; made Andrew Jackson a hero.

Andrew Jackson

7th President; war hero; expanded democracy; supported Indian removal.

John Quincy Adams

6th President; won 1824 election through “Corrupt Bargain.”

Election of 1824

No majority in Electoral College; decided by House of Representatives.

The Corrupt Bargain

Alleged deal between Adams and Clay to win presidency in 1824.

Election of 1828

Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams; rise of common man.

Jacksonian Democracy

Expanded voting rights to all white men; promoted majority rule.

Daniel Bar Jamin

Main character in The Bronze Bow; seeks revenge against Romans.

Joel Bar Hezron

Daniel’s friend; involved in resistance against Rome.

Malthace

Joel’s sister; kind and wise; supports Daniel emotionally.

Rosh

Leader of rebel group; harsh and self-centered.

Ketzah

Daniel’s hometown; where his sister and friends live.

Capernaum

Town where Jesus teaches; plays a role in The Bronze Bow.