Cytogenetics - Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Bacteria, Archaea

Prokaryotic - Typical Organism

Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals

Eukaryotic - Typical Organism

Nucleoid, no real nucleus

Prokaryotic - Types of Nuclei

Real nucleus with double membrane

Eukaryotic - Types of Nuclei

Usually Circular

Prokaryotic - DNA

Linear with histone proteins

Eukaryotic - DNA

50s + 30s

Prokaryotic - Ribosome

60s + 40s

Eukaryotic - Ribosome

Very few structures

Prokaryotic - Cytoplasmic Structure

Highly saturated by endomembrane and a cytoskeleton

Eukaryotic - Cytoplasmic Structure

Flagella

Prokaryotic - Movement

Flagella and cillia containing microtubules

Eukaryotic - Movement

None

Prokaryotic - Mitochondria

One to several thousand

Eukaryotic - Mitochondria

None

Prokaryotic - Chloroplast

In algae and plants

Eukaryotic - Chloroplast

Single Cell

Prokaryotic - Organization

Single cells, colonies, higher multicellular organism with specialized cells

Eukaryotic - Organization

Binary fission

Prokaryotic - Cell Division

Mitosis, Meiosis

Eukaryotic - Cell Division

1×10^6 to 5×10^6

Prokaryotic - DNA Content

1.5×10^7 to 5×10^9

Eukaryotic - DNA Content