Medical Surgical: Pain Management

nociceptive pain

Pain from tissue damage or injury.

Cutaneous Pain

skin

Somatic Pain

Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints.

Visceral Pain

pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax, cranium, or abdomen

Neuropathic Pain

pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or central nervous system

FLACC Pain scale age range

< 4 Years old

Assessment of Pain

OLDCARTS

Pain is assessed and documented every _ hours in the acute care setting.

4

Pain is reassessed __ minutes after interventions.

60

Pain is reassessed __ minutes after IV interventions.

30

PCA Pump Pain Reassessment every _ - _ hours for the first 48 hours.

1,2

PCA Pump Pain Reassessment every _ hours for after 48 hours.

4

Nursing Diagnosis for Pain

Acute Pain, Chronic Pain, Knowledge Deficit

The goal is to get the patient to a tolerable pain level, not _ and to improve ________ and _______ of life.

0, function, quality

The only time you MUST get a pain scale of 0 is with

Cardiac chest pain.

Decreases the CNS and the perception of pain

Opioids

Opioids AE

-Respiratory depression

-CNS depression

-Constipation

-Nausea/Vomiting

PCA

Patient Controlled Analgesics

NSAIDS

decrease pain and suppress inflammation

Acetaminophen

No an NSAID, for mild pain use

Corticosteriods

Decrease Inflammation

Corticosteriod AE

Delayed Wound healing

atypical analgesics

Antidepressants and anticonviulsants, these can be good for nerve pain

Step 1 Medication for acute pain

NSAID, Non-Opioids

Step 2 Medication for acute pain

Weak Opioids

Step 3 Medication for acute pain

Strong Opioids, methadone, transdermal

Step 4 Medication for acute pain

Provider ordered: PCA Pump, Epidural, Nerve Block

What Type of med is best for noceceptive pain

NSAIDs, Opioids

What type of med is best for nerve pain

Gaba receptor medications, anti-depressants

Specific Medication for Nerve Pain

Gabapentin

Ibuprofen

NSAID

Acetaminophen class

non-opioid analgesic

Cold benefits

decreases inflammation, swelling and pain

What is best for joint pain?

Cold Therapy

What is best for muscle pain?

Heat therapy

TENS Unit

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

deep brain stimulation

electrical stimulation applied through surgically implanted electrodes