9/26 Enzymes HW

Which of these is exhibiting kinetic

energy?

a space station orbiting Earth

Chemical energy is a form of _____

energy.

potential

What are by-products of cellular

respiration?

heat, carbon dioxide, and water

The process of cellular respiration, which converts simple sugars such as glucose into CO₂ and water, is an example of __________.

a catabolic pathway

Which of the following statements about the combustion of glucose with oxygen to form water and carbon dioxide (C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O) is correct?

The entropy of the universe decreases as the result of this reaction.

Which of the following statements about ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is correct?

The cycling between ATP and ADP + P_i

 provides an energy coupling between catabolic and anabolic pathways.

Enzymes are described as catalysts, which means that they __________.

increase the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Which of the following is NOT a way in which an enzyme can speed up the reaction that it catalyzes?

The active site can provide heat from the environment that raises the energy content of the substrate.

What type of reaction breaks the bonds that join the phosphate groups in an ATP molecule?

hydrolysis

Enzymes work by _____.

reducing E_A

Which of the following statements about the role of ATP in cell metabolism is true?

The energy from the hydrolysis of ATP may be directly coupled to endergonic processes by the transfer of the phosphate group to another molecule.

Which statement about the binding of enzymes and substrates is correct?

When substrate molecules bind to the active site of the enzyme, the enzyme undergoes a slight change in shape.

Which statement below best describes cooperativity?

binding of a molecule to one subunit of an enzyme, which promotes faster binding to each of the other subunits of the enzyme

In a biological reaction, succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited by malonic acid, a substance that resembles succinate but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Increasing the amount of succinate molecules to those of malonic acid reduces the inhibitory effect of malonic acid. Select the correct identification of the molecules described in the reaction.

Succinate is the substrate, and fumarate is the product in the reaction.