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Computer Input
Devices used to enter data into a computer, such as keyboards and mice.
Computer Output
Devices that convey information from a computer, including speakers and displays.
Motherboard
The main circuit board of a computer that houses the CPU and other essential components.
Blue Slot
An external memory slot on the motherboard.
Orange Slot
A slot on the motherboard designated for the video card.
Network Outlets
Ports on some motherboards that allow for network connectivity.
USB Port
A standard port on the motherboard for connecting various devices like keyboards and mice.
CPU
Central Processing Unit, considered the brain of the computer.
Cylinders on the Motherboard
Capacitors found on older computers.
Orange Square
Refers to the north gate on the motherboard.
ID Card Plug In
A white port near the top of the motherboard for connecting ID cards.
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System, typically found at the top of the motherboard.
Voltage
The electrical potential required for computers to operate, commonly 12V, with CPUs running at 5V.
Control Unit
Serves as a coordinator
CPU
Inside of the CPU, the processor is very small
Transistors
Has many transistors
CPU Installation
When putting in a CPU, you have to line it up with the triangular cutout or you could risk installing it wrong (damage something)
CPU Paste
Paste used to connect CPU to heat sink
Heat Sink
Rests above the CPU
Heat Sink Function
It extracts heat from the CPU so that it doesn't overheat
Machine Language
Computers run on machine language
Operating System (OS)
Can read machine language
Proprietary Motherboard
Each computer company has a different motherboard shape that they use
Specialist for Motherboard
To get/fix it, you must go to a specific specialist
Bankruptcy in Companies
A lot of companies that came into the market in the past ended up becoming bankrupt because they used a proprietary motherboard
Intel
One of the major CPU chip manufacturers
AMD
One of the major CPU chip manufacturers
Intel's 86 and 88 Chips
They were the first to come up with that architecture
Intel I9
Latest intel chip is the I9
Xeon Chips
Used for servers and are very powerful
Servers
Kind of like the computer of computers
The Cloud
Information storing database
RAM
Primary memory and volatile storage unit (can change/be changed)
Memory Chip
Blue slot in motherboard where RAM is plugged in
Volatile Storage Unit
Meaning all info is temporary and disappears when power is removed
Old Computers Speed
Old computers had really low speed
Quad-Core
These days, they have up to 4 processors
CPU Problems Recognition
If you hear shaking inside your computer, that means the heat sink might be disconnected from the CPU
CPU Paste Cracking
The heat that the CPU creates can cause cracking in the CPU paste
Cost to Fix CPU Problems
Could cost $300 to fix
Deterioration of Computers
As computers get older, they deteriorate and get dirty
Exam
There is an exam at the end of BCA that is 175 questions.
CPU separating
Potential computer issue related to the CPU.
Memory problems
Potential computer issue related to memory.
Current
Everything in the computer needs current to work.
Alternating current
Sine wave.
Direct current
Square wave.
AC to DC conversion
When laptop is plugged in, converts AC to DC.
Wall plugs in America
Wall plugs are 120V in America.
Wall plugs in other parts of the world
240 volts in other parts of the world.
Electromagnetic waves
Can cause some of the current to dissipate in power lines.
Power loss
With 240V, there is less power loss.
Hackensack power
Hackensack powers the city, but sometimes the power may flicker/be inconsistent.
Cylinders (Transformers)
Stabilize power flow.
Power lines voltage
3000 to 10,000V goes through the power lines.
120V shock risk
120V: will likely live.
High AMP levels
When unplugging electronic circuits, sometimes high AMP levels can cause a bigger shock if you touch the port.
Higher volts
Higher volts = Higher shock.
Battery panels voltage
Battery panels: 120V to 130V.
Solar car project
BCA students have built a solar car.
Elon Musk solar panels
Students have also worked on Elon Musk solar panels.
BIOS power
When desktops are unplugged, their power is gone.
BIOS battery
The BIOS, however, does not shut down completely. 3.5V battery powers BIOS.
BIOS startup screen
Shown by BIOS.
BIOS options
BIOS shows option screen if your computer battery is dead.
F1 key
F1: Continue.
F2 key
F2: Setup.
ROM
Read Only Memory.
Non-volatile storage
Non-volatile storage unit contains BIOS.
RAM
RAM is volatile.
BIOS crash
There are two BIOS; when one crashes, the other takes over.
Dell/HP BIOS issues
Dell/HP computers have problems sometimes using a lot of graphics, the BIOS is slowed down.
HP/Dell computers
Computers manufactured by HP and Dell.
Firmware
Software programmed into the hardware of a device.
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System, firmware that initializes hardware during booting.
Motherboard
The main circuit board that contains the CPU, RAM, ROM, and expansion slots.
Expansion slot
A socket on the motherboard used to add additional components.
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect, a type of expansion slot.
Hard Drive
A secondary storage device made of metallic platters that stores data.
SSD
Solid State Drive, a type of non-volatile flash memory for storage.
Floppy Drive
An outdated storage device used to store information.
Power Pack
The computer's power source that converts voltage for use.
Anti-Static Wrist Wrap
A device worn to prevent static electricity from damaging computer parts.
Anti-Static Mat
A mat used to prevent static electricity from damaging computer components.
Compressed air cans
Used to blow out debris from computers.
Diagnostic Disk
A disk used to diagnose issues in a computer.
Bits and Bytes
The basic units of data in computing, where bits represent binary values.
Ascii codes
A character encoding standard for electronic communication.
Heat sinks
Devices used to dissipate heat away from components.
USB Cables
Cables used for connecting devices, available in types A, B, and C.
Firewire
A high-speed interface used for connecting devices, mainly cameras.
Internal Clock Speed
The speed at which a CPU operates internally.
Cache Memory
A small-sized type of volatile computer memory that provides high-speed data access.
Intel Processors
Microprocessors designed by Intel, including various generations like Pentium and Celeron.
Socket/Processors
The physical interface where the CPU is installed on the motherboard.
Types of RAM
Different kinds of Random Access Memory, including SMM, EDO RAM, VRAM, WRAM, and DIMM.
Parity
A method of error checking in data transmission.
Celeron
A budget-friendly Intel processor suitable for basic tasks.
Itanium
An Intel processor that was not initially successful.
Xeon
A line of Intel processors designed for servers and workstations.
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