GNED10 Intro

Society

Society

A lasting social group whose members have developed organized patterns of relationships through interaction with one another.

Frank and Wagnalls

Defined society as the system of community life in which individuals form a continuous life and regulatory association for their mutual benefit and protection.

Sociologists

Traditionally define society as relatively organized, self-sufficient, and enduring association of large number of people with a distinct culture and shared institutions.

Aristotle

"Man is by nature a social animal"

Beast or god

Aristotle said, "anyone who either cannot lead the common life or is so self-sufficient as not to need to, and therefore does not partake of society, is either a _______ or ________."

Old Stone Age, Hunting and Gathering of Society, Agricultural Society, Industrial Society, Modern Society (OS-HG-A-I-M)

Historical and Evolutionary Origin of Society

1st Stage: Old Stone Age

Stage where first humans lived in groups in jungles and caves, depended on nature for livelihood, used stones as weapons, and learned to work together.

2nd Stage: Hunting and Gathering Society

Humans are able to hunt animals using stones as their main weapon. More people live together as population grows and the first civilization has emerged.

3rd Stage: Agricultural Society

Humans began farming due to the discovery of fertile riverbanks. The stage where domestication of animals began.

4th Stage: Industrial Society

Road constructions began, inventions paved way, universities were established, and small towns grew into industrial towns.

Upper, Lower, and Middle Classes

Industrialization categorized people into 3 classes:

Modern Society

(1) Stage paved by discoveries of Science. (2) Start of the development of medicine, transportation, and communication. (3) Changed the traditional family structure.

Divine Right Theory, Necessity/Force Theory, Paternalistic Theory, and Social Contract Theory (DR-N/F-P-SC)

Theories on Origin of States/Society

Hunting and Gathering Society, Horticultural Society, Pastoral Society, Agricultural Society, Industrial Society, and Post-industrial Society (HG-H-P-A-I-P)

Types of Society

Divine Right Theory

Theory stating that society came from God through divine creation.

Necessity/Force Theory

Theory stating that society must be created by the subjugation of the weaker by the strong warriors.

Paternalistic Theory

Theory stating that society must come from the enlargement of family under the authority of the mother or father.

Clan, Tribe, Nation, State (CTNS)

Stages of Paternalistic Theory

Social Contract Theory

Theory stating that early societies must be formed by compact among people for their common good.

Hunting and Gathering Society

A society survived by hunting animals and gathering edible plants.

Horticultural Society

A society survived by growing plants.

Pastoral Society

A society in which their food comes from raising animals.

Agricultural Society

A society survived by using plows and draft animals in growing food.

Industrial Society

A society that depends on society and technology to produce basic goods and services.

Post-industrial Society

A society in which its economic emphasis is on providing services and information.

Hunting Society, Farming Society, Industrial Society, Information Society, and Super Smart Society (H-F-I-I-SS)

Society Stages 1.0 to 5.0

Society 1.0: Hunting Society

Stone, metal weapons, old stone age people

Society 2.0: Farming Society

Farming tools, animal power, Agricultural and Pastoral Societies

Society 3.0: Industrial Society

Steam locomotive, machines, tools

Society 4.0: Information Society

Computer, Airplane, Internet, Satellite, Smartphone, etc.

Society 5.0: Super Smart Society

IoT, Big Data, AI, 5G networks, Robots

4.0 or 4.5

The Philippines is at Society ___.0 ?

Gender

• Socially constructed characteristics of women and men.

• Social classification (based on one's identity, presentation of self, behavior, and interaction with others)

• learned behavior

• varies in every society

Color of Female (Venus) symbol

Usually red in color

Color of Male (Mars) Symbol

Usually blue in color

Sex

Biological classification (based on reproductive organs or body parts)

Intersex

Possessing biological sexual characteristics of both sexes

Sociology of Gender

• One of the largest subfields within sociology and features theory and research how gender relates to social structure overall.

• Examines how society influences understandings and perception of differences between masculinity (what society deems appropriate behavior for a "man") and femininity (what society deems appropriate behavior for a "woman").

Gender Bread Person

Approachable model created to help people understand the social construction of gender.

Sam Killermann

Created the popular version of Gender Bread Person published on 'It's Pronounced Metrosexual' in 2011.

Gender Identity

Our sense of being male or female. How we think about ourselves. The chemistry that composes us and how we interpret what it means.

Gender Expression

The way in which a person expresses/demonstrates their gender identity, typically through their appearance, dress, and behavior.

Biological Sex

Physical characteristics that define male and female (organs, hormones, chromosomes)

Female's chromosomes

XX

Males chromosomes

XY

Intersex chromosomes

XXY

Sexual Orientation

A person's romantic and emotional attraction to another person.

Sexuality

The ways people experience and express themselves as sexual beings. (King, 2014, p373)

A central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy, and reproduction (WHO, 2006)

Thoughts, Fantasies, Desires, Beliefs, Attitudes, Values, Behaviors, Roles, Relationships, and Practices (TFD BAV BRRP)

Sexuality is experienced and expressed in a variety of ways such as:

False (should be "not all")

While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, "ALL" of them are always experienced or expressed (WHO, 2006). True or False.

Politics, Education, Media, Economics, Law, Culture, History, Occupation, Income, Religion, Society (PEMEL CHOIRS)

Our view of sexuality is heavily influenced by:

Human Sexuality

People's sexual interest in and attraction to others, as well as their capacity to have erotic experiences and responses.

Erotic Experience(s)

Something that sparks sexual feelings, urged, and desires.

Eros

God of love and sex.

Blindfolded cupid.

Sexualization

The use of sexuality to influence, control, or manipulate others in ways that may be harmful or exploitative.

Sensuality, Sexual Intimacy, Sexual Identity, Reproduction and Sexual Health, and Sexualization (S-SI-SI-RS-S)

5 Circles of Sexuality

Sensuality

Awareness and feelings about our body and other people's bodies, especially the body of your sexual partner.

Body Image

How you see and feel about your appearance and how comfortable you are with your body.

Feeling attractive and proud of one's own body and the way it functions.

Body Image, Experiencing pleasure, Satisfying skin hunger, physical attraction for another person, and fantasy. (BI-P-SS-PA-F)

5 Aspects of Sensuality

Skin Hunger

Strongly felt need for touch.

Brain

Human's most important sex organ.

Sexual Intimacy

Ability to be emotionally close to another human being and to accept closeness in return.

Sharing, Caring, Liking/Loving, Emotional risk-taking, Vulnerability (SCLEV)

5 Aspects of Sexual Intimacy

Sexual Identity

A person's understanding of who she/he is sexually.

Gender Identity, Gender Role, Gender Bias (GI-GR-GB)

3 Interlocking pieces that affect how a person sees him/herself

Gender Role

A set of expected actions and/or behaviors for males or for females.

Gender Bias

Stereotypical views and differential treatment of males and females, often favoring one gender over the other.

Androphilic

Attracted to males

Gynephilic

Attracted to females

Homosexual

Attracted to the same sex

Heterosexual

Attracted to the opposite sex

Bisexual

Attracted to both sexes

Reproduction

Ability to generate offspring

Sexual Health

A state of physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality.

Sexual Intercourse

A behavior that may produce sexual pleasure that often culminates in organisms.

Asexual reproduction

A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.

Flirting

Subtle behaviors designed to signal sexual or romantic interest in another person

Seduction

Enticement; leading astray into wrongdoing

Rape

Any form of sexual intercourse that takes place against a person's will

Sexual Harassment

Any unwanted remark, behavior, or touch that has sexual content

Incest

Forcing sexual contact on any minor who is related to the perpetrator by birth/marriage.

Gender Stereotype

Pre-conceived ideas whereby females and males are arbitrarily assigned characteristics and roles determined and limited by their gender.

Sex Roles

A culture's expectations about how members of the male or female gender should act, dress, or speak

Sex Typing

Acquisition of characteristics and behaviors that a culture considers appropriate for females and males.

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Transexual, 2/Two-Spirit, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, Asexual, and Ally (LGBTTTQQIAA)

LGBTQ+ Community

(+ PAGGBP)

• Pansexual

• Agender

• Gender Queer

• Gender Variant

• Bigender

• Pangender

• PAGGBP in LGBTQ+

Lesbian

A female homosexual