ISSUE 1: Emigration Push Factors

For those in the cities who were skilled craftsmen, such as handloom weavers, industrialisation meant their skills were no longer required or economically valuable.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because Scots skills were no longer needed in those areas, therefore they had no choice but to emigrate abroad to places like Canada or New Zealand where their skills were in demand.

Injuries and deaths were a regular hazard, for example, cave-ins or explosions were common with mining accidents.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because Scots felt extremely anxious and worried about their current jobs, therefore had no choice but to move abroad to places like Canada or Australia in search of safer working conditions.

Scots were struggling with poor catches in the fishing industry and the Russian Revolution, resulting in a loss in this job market.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because with these poor catches, Scots had a lack of food and resources to sell on so they moved to North America to get better catches, receive more money and hopefully a better life.

Some Scots had no choice but to move abroad, people who had committed crimes could be sent to jail in Australia as punishment.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because Scots were forced to migrate abroad and live there permanently as part of their sentence.

Landlords cleared Scots off their land in the highland clearances so Scots had no choice but to move abroad to places like Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because with nowhere to live or work, many Scots had no choice but to emigrate abroad to places like Canada or Australia to hopefully receive a better life with more employment opportunities.

There was a real lack of opportunities in the Highlands, with very few job opportunities, poor living conditions and limited chances to improve life.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because these boring, mundane lifestyles pushed Scots to move abroad to places like Canada or New Zealand in search of better work, more excitement and a change of scenery.

Many Scots lived in black houses which were disease ridden houses with no windows and were shared with animals.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because many Scots lived in poverty so they chose to emigrate abroad to places like Canada or Australia in hope to receive better housing, cleaner environments and a healthier life.

Many Scots working on farms faced very poor conditions. For example, they would work long hours and had only a few days off.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because many Scots had had enough of not earning enough money so chose to emigrate abroad to places like Canada or Australia in hope to find better-paying jobs and experience a better standard of living.

The potato blight hit the Highlands and Islands of Scotland in 1846, devastating the potato crop and resulting in terrible famine.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because many Scottish families and farmers depended on the potato crop for food and work so they had no choice but to move abroad to places like Canada in search of more food and employment opportunities.

The kelp industry went into decline and many Scots worked in this industry so they had no choice but to emigrate abroad in hope to find a stable job.

This was a reason for the migration of Scots because many Scots had relied on kelp harvesting for income so when the industry collapsed, many Scots faced extreme poverty and unemployment, pushing Scots to emigrate abroad in search of better work opportunities.