Anatomy and Physiology Core Concepts

A collection of vocabulary flashcards reviewing basic terminology, structural levels of organization, and body systems from the introductory anatomy and physiology lecture.

Anatomy

The study of the structure of an organism.

Physiology

How an organism's body functions.

Anatomical Position

Standing upward on flat feet directed forward, looking straight ahead, with palms facing forward pointing away from the body.

Cell

Smallest unit of all living things.

Tissue

Similar cells with the same function.

Organ

Made of 2 or more types of tissues.

Organ System

Group of organs working together for the same function.

Organism

Highest level of structural organization.

Skeletal System

Body system composed of bones and ligaments that provides support, protection, and shape.

Nervous System

Body system composed of the brain and spinal cord that detects impulses from the senses and serves as the control center.

Circulatory System

Body system composed of the heart that transports nutrients and gases around the body.

Respiratory System

Body system composed of the lungs that exchanges gases ($\text{Oxygen}$ & $\text{CO}_2$).

Digestive System

Body system composed of the esophagus and stomach that breaks down and absorbs food.

Muscular System

Body system composed of muscles that provides movement.

Integumentary System

Body system composed of skin and sweat glands that protects the body, prevents water loss, and regulates temperature.

Lymphatic System

Body system composed of lymph nodes and a fluid network that fights infection and provides fluid for cells.

Urinary System

Body system composed of the kidney and bladder that removes waste from blood.

Endocrine System

Body system composed of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones.

Reproductive System

Body system composed of ovaries and testes that produces cells used in sexual reproduction.