Unit 5 APHG vocab pt. 2

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24 Terms

1
Green Revolution
The U.s supported development of high yield seed variety that increased the productivity of cereal crops for transfer to LDC’s
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2
Cross-Breeding
The act of mixing different species of and varieties of plants or animals to produce hybrids
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3
Hybrid
The offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties
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4
Double Cropping
Planting another crop on the same plot of land as soon as the first crop has been harvested
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5
Environmental Contamination
Chemical residue that builds up with each application of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
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6
Soil Salinization
The concentration of dissolved salts in soil
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7
Bid-Rent Theory
Explains how the demand for and price of land decrease as it’s distance from the central business district increases
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8
Central Business District
A dense cluster of offices and shops located at the cities most accessible point (center)
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9
Monocropping
The cultivation of a single commercial crop on extensive tracts of land
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10
Commodity Chain
A series of links connecting a commodity’s many places of production, distribution, and consumption
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11
Agribuisness
Large cooperation that provides a vast array of goods and services to support the agricultural industry
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12
Concentrated Animal Feeding
Animal rearing system that confines livestock in high-density cages only large enough to allow the animals body to grow and to accommodate equipment for feeding and waste removal
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13
Von Thunen Model
A predictive theory in human geo that predicts humans will use land in relation to the cost of land and transporting products to market
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14
Global Supply Chain
Agribusiness organized at the global scale; encompasses all the elements of growing, harvesting, processing, transporting, marketing, consuming, and disposing of food
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15
Export Commodity
A cash crop that is produced for export to wealthier countries at the expense of crop production for local consumption
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16
Subsides
Guaranteed prices for staple food crops
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17
Dead Zones
Sections of a body of water where there is very little aquatic life
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18
Desertification
The process by which once-fertile land becomes deserted as a result of climate variations or human activities
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19
Irrigation Agriculture
Farming that relies on the controlled application of water to cultivated fields
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20
Aquifer
Underground water deposited hundreds of thousands of years ago
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21
Sustainable Agriculture
A commitment to satisfying human food and textile needs and to enhancing the quality of life for farmers and society asa whole; it requires a balance among feeding the growing population
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22
Genetically Modified Organism
A living organism including crops and livestock,that is produced through genetic engineering
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23
Aquaculture
The cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions
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24
Urban Farming
The practice of growing fruits and veggies on small private plots or shared community gardens within the confines of a city
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