Science Section 1: Names, Dates, Numbers, and Animal Facts

Who developed taxonomy?

Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus

When was taxonomy developed?

1735

How old is LUCA?

4.2 billion years old

How old are animals living in ancient oceans?

910 million years old

How old is P. newmani?

420 million years old

How old are animals with bones and spines?

375 million years old

How old is the Basilodon?

225 million years old

Body segments and legs of an insect

Has 3 body segments; 6 legs

Body segments and legs of an arachnid

Has 2 body segments; 8 legs

How do arthropods gain oxygen?

They circulate hemolymph around their organs

How do arthropods support their bodies?

Through an exoskeleton

_ percent of all known animal species are arthropods

80-85

How many levels of taxonomy are there?

8

What are the levels of taxonomy?

1. Domain

2. Kingdom

3. Phylum

4. Class

5. Order

6. Family

7. Genus

8. Species

"Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup"

What domain do animals belong to?

Eukarya

What kingdom do animals belong to?

Animalia

Who discovered P. Newmani?

Mike Newman

When was P. Newmani Discovered?

2004

What phylum do animals with spinal chords belong to?

Chordata

Who formulated natural selection?

English naturalist and biologist Charles Darwin

When was natural selection formulated?

Late 1830s

Who was an ancient Egyptian goddess depicted as a cat?

Baset

When did Baset first appear?

2800 BCE

What was Baset a god of?

Pregnancy and childbirth

Who first wrote about animal behavior and the connection between humans and animals?

Aristotle

When did Aristotle document animal behavior?

300 BCE

Who wrote On the Origin of Species?

Charles Darwin

When was On the Origin of Species published?

1859

Which animal behaviorists developed Charles Darwin's work to create the modern research field of ethology?

1) Konrad Lorenz

2) Niko Tinbergen

3) Karl von Frisch

When did the three animal behaviorists develop Charles Darwin's work to create the modern research field of ethology?

1930s

What did the three animal behaviorists' contributions to animal behavior earn them?

A Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

When did the three animal behaviorists gain an award for their contributions to animal behavior?

1973

Who was an Austrian scientist best known for his work on imprinting behavior?

Konrad Lorenz

Who extended beyond innate behaviors to consider how animals learned?

Nikolaas "Niko" Tinbergen

Who was a German-Austrian scientist working alongside Tinbergen who was interested in sexual selection?

Karl von Frisch

When was Tinbergen's Four Questions created?

1963

What are Tinbergen's Four Questions?

- Function / Adaptation (What does this do for me)

- Evolution / History (Do other animals do the same)

- Causation / Mechanism (Why)

- Development / Ontology (Did I learn this?)

What is our most common ancestor?

Chimpanzees

Why do chimpanzees bare their teeth?

To show submission

What is the downside to laboratory experiments?

Highly artificial

Which molecule is found in almost every animal and controls movement and feeding behaviors?

Dopamine

The Florida scrub jay exhibits...

Kin selection

Peppered moths are an example of...

Natural selection

Animals use their face to express emotions, while dogs use their...

Ears

What are animals known as water bears?

Tardigrades

What can tardigrades withstand?

Radiation and extreme temperatures

How long can tardigrades remain dormant?

For decades

Monotremes such as platypus and echidna, unlike other mammals...

Can lay eggs

This animal can eat birds, is in South America, and mostly eats earthworms

Goliath bird eater

These organisms produce chitin instead of collagen

Fungi