2.4Reacting Masses & Volumes (of Solutions & Gases)

These flashcards cover key concepts of reacting masses and volumes in chemistry, focusing on mole calculations, percentage yield, stoichiometry, and gas laws.

What is the formula to calculate the number of moles of a substance?

Number of moles = mass of a substance (g) / molar mass (g mol⁻¹)

What does the chemical equation provide in terms of reactants and products?

The chemical equation shows the ratio of moles of all reactants and products, known as stoichiometry.

How is percentage yield calculated?

Percentage yield = (actual yield / predicted yield) × 100

What does excess reagent mean in a chemical reaction?

Excess reagent refers to the reactant that is present in a quantity greater than required for the reaction.

What is Avogadro's hypothesis?

Equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules.

At room temperature and pressure, what is the volume of one mole of any gas?

One mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24.0 dm³.

What is the equation for calculating concentration of a solution?

Concentration (mol dm³) = number of moles of solute (mol) / volume of solution (dm³)

How can you find the mass of a substance in a solution of known concentration?

Mass of solute (g) = number of moles (mol) × molar mass (g mol⁻¹)