America's War for Independence, 1775-1783

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to America's War for Independence as presented in the lecture notes.

Declaration of Independence

A document expressing the ideas of Enlightenment and declaring the colonies' right to independence from British rule.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition; the idea that nature and society can be understood through human observation.

Olive Branch Petition

A final attempt by the colonists to avoid war with Britain by asserting their rights as British subjects, which was rejected by King George III.

Proclamation of Rebellion

A declaration by King George III that labeled the colonists' actions as rebellion against British authority.

Tyranny

Oppressive government rule that violates the rights of the governed, as perceived by the American colonists in relation to British rule.

Natural Rights

Fundamental rights believed to be inherent to all humans, including life, liberty, and property; challenged the legitimacy of monarchies.

Separation of Powers

A governance model to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, dividing authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

Valley Forge

The site of the Continental Army's winter camp in 1777-78, marking a low point due to harsh conditions and disease.

Saratoga

A key battle in 1777 considered the turning point of the Revolutionary War, leading to French support for the American cause.

George Washington

The commander of the Continental Army, who became a national hero for his leadership and ability to keep the army united during the Revolutionary War.