Birth of the Renaissance

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43 Terms

1
Renaissance
Period of the revival of art and learning
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2
Humanism
Intellectual movement focusing on human potential
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3
Secular
Describing a society as worldly rather than spiritual
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4
Patron
Financial supporter of art or artists
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5
Middle Ages
Period in European history before the Renaissance
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6
Individualism
Belief in the importance of the individual
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7
Byzantine Empire
Eastern Roman Empire, preserving Greek knowledge
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8
Ottomans
Turkish empire that captured Constantinople in 1453
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9
Middle Class
Social class between nobility and peasants
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10
CĂłrdoba
Capital of Islamic Spain, center of classical learning
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11
Greek Texts
Literary works from classical Greece
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12
Islamic Empire
Empire preserving Greek texts and knowledge
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13
Plague
Deadly epidemic disease
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14
War
Conflict between nations or groups
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15
Artistic Revival
Renewed interest and development in the arts
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16
Learning Revival
Renewed interest and progress in education
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17
Classical Greece and Rome
Cultures that Renaissance hoped to revive
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18
Jewish scholars in Spain
Translated Greek texts and commentaries into Hebrew
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19
Papermaking technology
Spread through the Islamic world, aiding book creation
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20
Western Europe
Learned papermaking from Islamic Spain
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21
Paper mills
Established in France, Italy, and Germany by 1400
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22
Hundred Years' War
Ended in 1453, confirming French king's authority
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23
Reconquista
Completed in 1493, ending Islamic rule in Spain
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24
City-states in Italy
Fostered intellectual revolution due to idea exchange
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25
Merchants in Italy
Developed financial services and banks
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26
Wealth based on land ownership
Shifted to commerce due to foreign trade growth
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27
Italian city-states
Led by wealthy merchant class, not nobles
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28
Bubonic plague
Killed up to 60% of the population in the 1300s
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29
Florence under Medici rule
Controlled by powerful banking family, the Medici
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30
Renaissance society
Secular, concerned with worldly matters
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31
Ideal individual
Expected to excel in art and various studies
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32
Baldassare Castiglione
Wrote The Courtier, describing the ideal individual
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33
Population Decline
Europe's reduced population due to famine and disease by 1450
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34
Middle Class Emergence
New social class of merchants, bankers, and tradespeople
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35
Byzantine Scholars
Eminent scholars who fled to Italy, influencing the Renaissance
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36
Papermaking Innovation
Technology from Islamic Spain that facilitated book production
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37
Peace Restoration
Return of peace across Europe in the 15th century
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38
City-States Rise
Urban centers in Italy fostering intellectual revolution
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39
Medici Family
Powerful banking family ruling Florence during the Renaissance
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40
Patrons of the Arts
Supporters of artists and artistic endeavors during the Renaissance
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41
Ideal Individual
Concept of a well-rounded, accomplished person in various fields
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42
The Courtier
Book by Baldassare Castiglione on the ideal Renaissance individual
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43
Isabella d'Este
Influential Renaissance woman from the ruling family of Ferrara
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