Integrated Human Anatomy and Physiology I — Introductory Notes (copy)

Anatomy

The study and understanding of the structure of the body and its components.

Gross Anatomy

The study of body structures that can be seen without a microscope, often through cadaver dissection.

Histology

The study of tissues under a light microscope.

Epithelial Tissue

One of the four basic tissue types that serves as a protective layer and is involved in absorption and secretion.

Connective Tissue

A basic tissue type that supports, binds, and protects other tissues and organs.

Muscle Tissue

A tissue type that is responsible for the movement of the body.

Nervous Tissue

A tissue type that carries signals throughout the body and is involved in the communication and coordination of bodily functions.

Organ

A collection of at least two tissue types that work together to perform a specific function.

Urinary Bladder

A hollow organ that stores urine and has several tissue types working together.

Physiology

The study of the functions and processes of the body systems.

Structure-Function Relationship

The concept that the structure of a body part is closely related to its function.

Homeostasis

The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living organisms.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Macromolecules

Large molecules essential for biological processes, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.

Interdependence of Systems

The concept that a change or disease in one tissue or organ can affect the entire organ system.

Control Systems

Biological systems that maintain homeostasis through feedback mechanisms, involving nervous and endocrine systems.