Windows commands for CompTIA A+ Core 2 1102

cd

Displays the name of the current directory or changes the current directory. If used with only a drive letter (for example, cd C:), cd displays the names of the current directory in the specified drive. If used without parameters, cd displays the current drive and directory. Same as the chdir command.

dir

Displays a list of a directory's files and subdirectories. If used without parameters, this command displays the disk's volume label and serial number, followed by a list of directories and files on the disk (including their names and the date and time each was last modified). For files, this command displays the name extension and the size in bytes. This command also displays the total number of files and directories listed, their cumulative size, and the free space (in bytes) remaining on the disk.

md

Creates a directory or subdirectory. Command extensions, which are enabled by default, allow you to use a single md command to create intermediate directories in a specified path. Same as the mkdir command.

netstat

Displays active TCP connections, ports on which the computer is listening, Ethernet statistics, the IP routing table, IPv4 statistics (for the IP, ICMP, TCP, and UDP protocols), and IPv6 statistics (for the IPv6, ICMPv6, TCP over IPv6, and UDP over IPv6 protocols). Used without parameters, this command displays active TCP connections.

nslookup

Displays information that you can use to diagnose Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure. Before using this tool, you should be familiar with how DNS works. The nslookup command-line tool is available only if you have installed the TCP/IP protocol.

chkdsk

Checks the file system and file system metadata of a volume for logical and physical errors. If used without parameters, chkdsk displays only the status of the volume and does not fix any errors. If used with the /f, /r, /x, or /b parameters, it fixes errors on the volume.

net user

Adds or modifies user accounts, or displays user account information.

net use

Connects a computer to or disconnects a computer from a shared resource, or displays information about computer connections. The command also controls persistent net connections. Used without parameters, net use retrieves a list of network connections.

tracert

Determines the path taken to a destination by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request or ICMPv6 messages to the destination with incrementally increasing Time to Live (TTL) field values. The path displayed is the list of near/side router interfaces of the routers in the path between a source host and a destination. The near/side interface is the interface of the router that is closest to the sending host in the path. Used without parameters, tracert displays help.

format

Formats the partition or volume with focus for use with Windows.

xcopy

Copies files and directories, including subdirectories. will copy the folder itself along with its contents (subject to flags used with the command) to the specified destination.

copy

Copies one or more files from one location to another. only the files in that folder will be copied to the specified destination.

robocopy

Copies file data from one location to another. Powerful command-line utility for copying files and directories, even over a network. It is a much better method of copying large datasets or lots of files across volumes and is a great tool for backing up data. It has the ability to resume copies if interrupted, various options and logging during copying.

gpupdate

Updates Group Policy settings. Windows command for making immediate group policy changes in an individual system.

gpresult

The Windows command to find out group policies that are currently applied to a system for the computer or user. Displays the Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information for a remote user and computer. To use RSoP reporting for remotely targeted computers through the firewall, you must have firewall rules that enable inbound network traffic on the ports.

shutdown

Enables you to shut down or restart local or remote computers, one at a time.

sfc

System File Checker. Scans and verifies the integrity of all protected system files and replaces incorrect versions with correct versions. If this command discovers that a protected file has been overwritten, it retrieves the correct version of the file from the systemroot\system32\dllcache folder, and then replaces the incorrect file.

/?

Displays a help message and all command options.

diskpart

The diskpart command interpreter helps you manage your computer's drives (disks, partitions, volumes, or virtual hard disks).

Before you can use diskpart commands, you must first list, and then select an object to give it focus. After an object has focus, any diskpart commands that you type will act on that object.

pathping

Provides information about network latency and network loss at intermediate hops between a source and destination. This command sends multiple echo Request messages to each router between a source and destination, over a period of time, and then computes results based on the packets returned from each router. Because this command displays the degree of packet loss at any given router or link, you can determine which routers or subnets might be having network problems. Used without parameters, this command displays help.

winver

Shows the version of Windows you're running.

[drive letter]:

Changes to that drive.