Nu Caregiver/ Interactionist Approach

Interactionist approach

• How can I give us use language with children and the impact this has had on their language acquisition?

Child directed speech

• CVS is a modified form of language that caregivers used with children

It is found in all cultures except some Samoan tribes in Papua New Guinea

Three key functions of CDS

• engage a child in conversation

• Elucidate more information

• Expand a child’s language

Features of CDS

• Repetition (elucidate and expand)

• Diminutive forms words that end with a Y sound often following a CVCV pattern (expand)

• Single word utterances (engage)

• Higher pitch(engage)

• Imperative mood (engage)

• Exaggerated pauses(engage)

• Recasts - repeating a child’s language back to them but with mistakes corrected (expand)

• Present tense(engage)

• Concrete nouns rather than abstract nouns (engage)

• re duplicated words - mama or choo-choo (engage and expand)

• Ellipsis (engage)

• The child’s name rather than pronouns (engage)

Bruner (LASS)

• believed humans are born with an inbuilt desire to learn language - he did not disregard Chomsky

• He argued that language development cannot happen in a vacuum and that a child needs social input interaction to learn language effectively

What makes up the LASS?

• Child directed speech

• Being explicitly taught language at school

• Peers that are more linguistically advanced

• Routines and rituals that include repeated language associated with that routine, e.g. bedtime

• Songs and nursery rhymes

Baby shark

• repetitive structure and melody

• Pattern of age and gender

• Representative a traditional way of gender roles making connections between titles

• Pivot schemer baby and shark

• Zoomorphism = Hallidays, imaginative function

• Mummy, daddy, grandma, grandpa baby CVCV structure

• Do do all allows for predict and pause

• Runaway means action is associated with the verb

Strength of LASS

• Most children language increases when they go to school as they interact more

• Child directed speech is unconscious to most people

Weaknesses of LASS

• some children do not enjoy learning language or reading

• Children do not get the same level of interaction but still progress at the same level in the same way

• Tribe from Papua New Guinea

Vygotsky (18 96–1934) MKO

More knowledgeable other is someone who has a higher level of ability or greater understanding than the k learner regarding a particular task process or concept

Zone of proximal development

• MKO is so important because they allow the child to fill their potential. He called this ZPD.

• The ZPD is what the child is capable of and the MKO can help the child acquire their linguistic skills to the best ability at the time

• It is the interaction that is important

Krcmar (2007)

• found that toddlers who learn a new word recorded via speaker less likely to learn that word than by those who hear the same word from somebody in person

• This could be due to being fully engaged and the child fields the need to please the more knowledgeable other

Scaffolding

• The MKO can help is by scaffolding they’re learning

• Asking guided questions to allow the child to practice language

• Providing vocabulary suggestions

• Providing sentence openers

• Providing pivot schemers

• Correcting language

• Expanding on a child’s utterance