REWM 4850: Quiz 3- Kaibab Deer

Describe the Wild Free Roaming Horse Act & Burro Act of 1971?

federal law that controls, protects, and manages unclaimed wild horses/burros on fed. land

What other acts helped with BLM management of wild horses/burros

Fed Land Policy & Management Act 1976

Public Rangelands Improvement Act 1978

How many free-roam horses does Wyoming have? Compare to rest of Western U.S.

3,771 horses, 9% of 40,815 head

How many wild horses have been removed nationally by BLM

195,000

How many wild horses are in holding

47,486

What is the cost expected to be for holding of wild horses by 2021

500 million

Who eats the most grammoids in N. America rangelands all 4 seasons

horses

Was heterogenity between wild horse and cattle similar

yes, diet comprassions same all 4 seasons

Who was the 26th President of the USA?

Theodore Roosevelt

What significant conservation actions did Theodore Roosevelt take during his presidency?

He established 150 National Forests, 5 National Parks, 18 National Monuments, and created the Grand Canyon National Game Preserve.

What year did Theodore Roosevelt create the Grand Canyon National Game Preserve?

November 28, 1906

What is the Kaibab Plateau?

A limestone highland in northern Arizona, part of the Colorado Plateau, bordered by the Grand Canyon.

What is the elevation of the Kaibab Plateau?

9,241 feet (2,817 m)

What types of forests are found on the Kaibab Plateau?

Aspen and spruce-fir forests above 8,500 feet, and ponderosa pine and pinon-juniper forests from 5,500-8,000 feet.

What was the estimated deer population on the Kaibab Plateau in 1905?

About 4,000 deer

What was the estimated carrying capacity of the range for deer?

About 30,000 deer

What happened to the deer population from 1923 to 1930?

The population reached 30,000 before declining to 9,000 by 1940.

What was Aldo Leopold known for?

He was an influential conservation thinker and wrote 'A Sand County Almanac'.

What was the primary mechanism that led to high deer numbers on the Kaibab Plateau?

Predator control and livestock reductions.

How many mountain lions were exterminated by the Forest Service from 1907 to 1939?

Approximately 800 mountain lions.

What did Binkley et al. hypothesize about aspen regeneration during the deer population irruption?

Aspen regeneration should have been lower than normal if the deer population irruption was real.

What methods did Binkley et al. use for their investigation?

A plateau-wide descriptive study of aspen ages and small experimental studies near the Quaking Aspen Ranger Station.

What did the results of the primary investigation indicate about aspen age structure?

It supported the classic story of high deer numbers in the 1920s.

What was the only successful aspen recruitment during the high deer population period?

Found in areas protected from deer by fences or dogs.

What is the significance of the Kaibab deer herd in conservation discussions?

It serves as an example of deer irruptions and habitat degradation.

What was the peak deer population estimated by the Forest Service?

100,000 deer in 1924.

What was the decline in deer population observed after the peak in 1924?

A 60% decline over several years.

What type of ecological impact did the overabundance of deer have?

Degradation of habitat and lower carrying capacity.

What role did livestock reductions play in deer population dynamics?

They provided less competition for forage, contributing to deer population growth.

What is the area of the Kaibab Plateau?

1,800 km²