4. Mood Disorders

distinct periods of time in which some abnormal mood is present.

mood episodes

are defined by their patterns of mood episodes.

mood disorders

ex of mood episodes and disorders.

Mood episodes: depression - mania - hypomania.

Mood disorders: MDD - bipolar I - bipolar II

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE (DSM-5 CRITERIA):

1. Depressed mood most of the time.

2. Anhedonia (loss of interest in pleasurable activities).

3. Change in appetite or weight (↑ or ↓).

4. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt.

5. Insomnia or hypersomnia.

6. Diminished concentration.

7. Psychomotor agitation or retardation (i.e.,

restlessness or slowness)

8. Fatigue or loss of energy.

9. Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

Manic episode:

DIGFAST

Distractibility

Grandiosity

Flight of ideas

Indiscretion, pleasurable activities with painful consequences

Activity ↑

Sleep ↓

Talkativeness

Mania VS hypomania

Mania: Distrupts day-to-day life + may have psychotic features + may require hospitalization.

Hypomania: No marked disruption.

in order for a diagnosis of depressive disorder to be made there must be:

At least one major depressive episode.

No history of manic or hypomanic episode.