Osseous Unit 1 Exam - Positions, Projections & Image Viewing

What is the name of the plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior halves?

Midcoronal

What is the name(s) of the plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Horizontal or Transverse

Name one of the abdominopelvic organs that we discussed that are in the pelvis?

Rectum

bladder

reproductive organs

What is the centralized region called that would house the bladder?

hypogastrium

What is the name of the external landmark that we felt on the back of our necks in class, indicating the internal levels of C7-T1?

vertebral prominens

What is the name of the external landmark that we can feel at the bottom of our sternums, indicating the internal levels of T9 - T10?

xiphoid process

What is the most common body habitus?

sthenic

Second most common body habitus?

hyposthenic

How much of a percentage does sthenic and hyposthenic make of the population?

85%

Which body habitus can be described as having.. a high diaphragm, short lungs, and a transverse stomach that sits high along the midline?

hypersthenic

What is the study of the skeleton’s bony structure, development and function?

osteology

Can you name 2 purposes of the skeleton?

• Attachments for muscles

● Mechanical basis for movement

● Protection of internal organs

● A frame to support the body

● Storage for calcium, phosphorus, & other salts

● Production of red and white blood cells

What are the two main groups into which the 206 bones of the human body are divided?

axial and appendicular

Which cavity is in the middle of long bones and contains yellow marrow?

medullary cavity

What is the name of the foramen located in the center of the long bones that supplies the cancellous bone and marrow with blood?

nutrient foramen

What is the name of the cartilaginous, transitional zone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis during bone development that houses the growth plate?

metaphysis

How many classifications of bones are there by shape?

5

What are the classifications of bones by shape?

long

short

flat

irregular

sesamoid

Which shape bone makes up the carpals and the tarsals?

short bones

Which bones are made of two tables of compact bone sandwiching the diploe?

flat bones

Can you name the 3 types of connective tissues that make up the structural arthrology?

fibrous (3)

cartilaginous (2)

synovial (6)

Which of the three types of connective tissue in joints is the strongest and why?

fibrous; virtually immovable

Symphysis and synchondrosis make up which type of joint?

cartilaginous

Name these synovial joints that allow us to freely move.

A. gliding

B. hinge

C. pivot

D. ellipsoid

E. saddle

F. ball and socket

What is the name of the process that can be described as a beak-like or crown-like process?

coracoid or coronoid

Name the position and the projection?

Position: supine or dorsal recumbent

Projection: AP (anteroposterior)

What’s wrong with this image?

image not “hung” correctly for viewing.

Note the “R” marker

What position is this with feet higher than the head?

Trendelenburg

Is this image hung correctly?

yes

Is this image hung correctly?

yes

What position and projection is this?

Position: right lateral

Projection: lateral

What position and projection is this?

Position: right posterior oblique (RPO)

Projection: AP Oblique (anteroposterior)

What position and projection is this?

Position: right anterior oblique (RAO)

Projection: PA oblique (posteroanterior)

Is this image hung correctly?

yes

What position and projection is this?

Position: right lateral or right lateral recumbent

Projection: no indication of IR, no way to state projection

Is this image hung correctly?

yes

What position and projection is this?

Position: left lateral

Upright

Projection: lateral

Is this image hung correctly?

no

What position and projection is this?

Position: supine or dorsal recumbent

Projection: unknown

Is this image hung correctly?

no

What position and projection is this?

Position: upright

Projection: PA

What position and projection is this?

Position: RAO (right anterior oblique)

Projection: PA Oblique

What position and projection is this?

Position: supine or dorsal recumbent

CR Direction: caudal (aka caudad)

Projection: AP axial

Is this image hung correctly?

no way to tell because there is no marker

What position and projection is this?

Position: ventral or prone decubitus

Projection: lateral

What position and projection is this?

Position: LPO (left posterior oblique)

Projection: AP oblique

What position and projection is this?

Position: supine or dorsal recumbent

CR Direction: cephalic aka “Cephalad”

Projection: AP axial

Is this image hung correctly?

cannot determine due to no marker

What position and projection is this?

Position: left lateral decubitus

Projection: AP

What position and projection is this?

Position: prone or ventral recumbent position

Projection: unable to specify

Is this image hung correctly?

no; the “R” marker indicates this is a right shoulder

What position and projection is this?

Position: dorsal decubitus

Projection: lateral

Is this image hung correctly?

no; digits are facing the bottom of the image instead of facing the top

What position and projection is this?

Position: LAO (left anterior oblique)

Projection: PA oblique

Is this image hung correctly?

yes

What position and projection is this?

Position: supine or dorsal recumbent

Projection: AP

What position and projection is this?

Position: RPO (right posterior oblique)

Projection: AP oblique

Is this image hung correctly?

no; image should be flipped to properly show the left hand on the left side