Chronicles: Chapter 7 - Martin Luther and the Reformation | Quizlet

95 Theses

Martin Luther’s list of complaints against the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church.

Act of Supremacy

A law passed by the English parliament in 1534. It made King Henry VIII (and not the Pope) the head of the Church of England.

Catholic Church beliefs

Mass said in Latin, seven sacraments, clergy are not allowed to marry.

Council of Trent

A meeting of the leaders of the Catholic Church to define doctrine (beliefs) and impose strict rules.

Counter-Reformation

The reaction of the Catholic Church to the Reformation.

Diet of Worms

A meeting of the rulers of Germany in the town of Worms. It was addressed by Martin Luther.

Edict of Worms

An order signed by Emperor Charles V that declared Martin Luther an outlaw.

Exsurge Domine

A papal bull (formal letter from the pope) threatening to excommunicate Martin Luther if he did not recant (take back his complaints).

Huguenots

French protestants.

Indulgences

Grants from the Church that pardoned sins in exchange for payment.

Inquisition

A court of the Catholic Church that put accused heretics on trial. It was most active in Spain and Italy.

John Calvin

He set up a Protestant church in Geneva separate to Luther's church. His followers are called Calvinists

Justification by faith alone

The Lutheran belief that the only way to get to heaven is to have genuine faith in God.

King Henry VIII

Introduced Protestantism to England.

Lutheran Church beliefs

Mass said in the vernacular, two sacraments and clergy can marry.

Nepotism

Appointing relatives to important Church positions.

Peace of Augsburg

Treaty that ended German wars of religion in 1555.

Pluralism

Holding more than one Church position at a time.

Pope Leo X

Person who accused Martin Luther of being a heretic.

Predestination

The Calvinist belief that God has chosen those who will go to heaven before they are born. Such people are called the Elect.

Protestant

A Christian who is a member of one of the Protestant Churches.

Reformation

A movement that saw Christianity split into the Catholic Church and the Protestant Churches.

Simony

The selling of important Church positions and privileges.

Society of Jesus

A religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola. Its priests are called Jesuits.

St Teresa of Ávila

A religious scholar of the Counter-Reformation. She began the Carmelite Reform in 1555 and set up sixteen convents across Spain.

Tithe

Tax of one-tenth of yearly produce or earnings paid by people to the Catholic Church.