Chapter 12: The Reproductive System and Obstetrics (copy)

andr/o

male

balan/o

glas, peni

cervic/o

neck, cervix

cyes/o,cyesi/o

pregancy

embry/o

embryo

epididym/o

epididymis

episi/o

vulva

fet/o

fetus

gravid/o, gravidar/o

pregnancy

mamm/o

breast

men/o, menstru/o

month, menstruation

orchi/o, orchid/o

testis

pen/o

peis

semin/o, sperm/o, spermat/o

seed, sperm

test/o, testicul/o

testicle

urethr/o

urethra

vas/o

vessel

reproductive system

preforms the role of producing sex cells, or gametes in preparation for fertilization

obstetrics (OB)

clinical field that focuses on the prenatal development

obstetrician

supports the mother during pregnancy, childbirth and during the first month or so after childbirth

reproductive medicine

medical field that manages the healthcare of both male and female reproductive systems

aspermia

condition without seed, fluid released during an ejeculation is a watery fluid that lacks sperm

azoospermia

absence of living sperm

balanorrhea

abnormal condition of discharge from the glans

chancres

sexually transmitted infection syphilis, small ulcers on the skin

oligospermia

abnormally low sperm count

papilloma

wart like lesions on the skin and mucous membranes, sign of HPV

prostatitis

inflammation of the prostate gland

prostatorrhea

abnormal discharge from the prostate gland

testalgia

condition of testicular pain

urethritis

inflammation of the urethra

andropathy

general term for a disease that only affects males

anorchism

condition without testis

balanitis

inflammation of the glans peis

benign prostatic hyperplasia

prostate gland enlarges to constrict the urethra

cryptorchidism

condition of an undescended testis

epididymitis

inflammation of the epididymis

erectile dysfunction

inability to achieve an erection sufficient to perform intercourse

hydrocele

swelling of the scrotum

peyronie disease

hardness or induration of the erectile tissue within the peis

phimosis

congenital condition that is a narrowing of the urethral opening sometimes occurs when foreskin covers the distal end of the glans peis

priapism

abnormally persistent erection of the peis, often accompanied by pain and tenderness

prostate cancer

increases size of the prostate gland before it spreads to the pelvic region

testicular carcinoma

cancer originating from the testis

testicular torsion

spermatic cord becomes twisted, causing backup of fluids and reduced blood flow to the epididymis and testis

varicocele

herniation of the veins within the spermatic cord

anti-importance therapy

collection of therapies that address erectile dysfunction

balanplasty

surgical repair of the glans peis

circumcision

common procedure to remove the prepuce

digital rectal examination

physical exam that involves the insertion of a finger into the rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland

hydrocelectomy

surgical removal of a hydrocele

orchiectomy

surgical removal of testis

orchidopexy

surgical fixation of a testis, sometimes required to draw an undescended testis

orchidoplasty

surgical repair of a testis

penile implants

surgical insertion of a prothesis

prostatectomy

surgical removal of the prostate gland

prostate- specific antigen

clinical test that measures levels of the protein prostate- specific antigen in the blood

transurethral resection of the prostate gland

procedure that treats BPH through a minimally invasive removal of prostate tissue

urology

department within a hospital or clinic that treats urinary tract problems

vasectomy

surgical removal of the vas deferens

vasovasostomy

surgery to reverse a vasectomy

vesiculectomy

procedure to remove the seminal vesicles (the male glands that contribute to the formation of seman)

amenorrhea

absence of a menstrual discharge

colpodynia

condition of vaginal pain

dyspareunia

vaginal pain associated with intercourse

dysmenorrhea

abnormal pain during menstruation

hematosalpinx

condition of retained menstrual blood in a fallopian tube

hydrosalpinx

fluid accumulation in the fallopian tube

salpingitis

inflammation within the fallopian tube

leukorrhea

white/ yellow discharge from the vagina

mastalgia

condition of pain in the breast

menorrhagia

profuse bleeding during menstruation

metrorrhagia

abnormal bleeding from the uterus between periods

mittelschmerz

bleeding from ovulation irritates the peritoneum

oligomenorrhea

abnormally reduced discharge during menstruation

pyosalpinx

discharge of pus from a fallopian tube

amastia

condition without breast, areola and nipple are present but lack of breast tissue

breast cancer

malignant tumor arising from breast tissue

carcinoma in situ

when cells of the cervix divide rapidly, the change increases the risk for developing into a noninvasive form of precancer

cervical cancer

malignant tumor of the cervix

cervicitis

inflammation of the cervix

cystocele

protrusion of the urinary bladder against the wall of the vagina

endometrial cancer

malignant tumor arising from the endometrial tissue

endometriosis

abnormal growth of endometrial tissue may occur throughout areas of the pelvic cavity

endometritis

inflammation of the endometrium

fibrocystic breast disease (FBD)

one or more benign, fibrous cysts development within the breast

fisulas

abnormal tube-like passage from one organ or cavity to another

hysteratresia

closure of the uterus

leiomyoma

benign tumors originating of the muscular wall of the uterus

mastitis

inflammation of the breast

mastoptosis

breast that is abnormally pendulous or drooping

oophoropathy

disease of the ovary

oophoritis

inflammation of an ovary

ovarion cancer

most lethal form of reproductive cancer in women besides breast cancer

ovarion cyst

fluid filled sac that forms on an ovary

polycystic ovary syndrome

numerous ovarian cysts, sometimes increasing the size of the ovary

pelvic inflammatory disease

inflammation involving some or all of the female organs in the pelvic cavity

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

collection of symptoms usually happening within 10 days before menstruation: nervous tension, irritability, breast pain, edema, and headache

prolapsed uterus

uterus suspended in the pelvic cavity by ligaments, when those ligaments weaken, uterus may droop or fall

salpingitis

inflammation of a fallopian tube