Political and Economic Terms

Flashcards covering key political and economic terms related to global history.

African National Congress

A black political organization in South Africa that pressed for an end to apartheid and sought open democracy leading to black majority rule.

Afrikaner National Party

The majority party in the all-white South African legislature after 1948, advocating complete independence from Britain and promoting apartheid.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

An international organization of ten Southeast Asian nations formed to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development.

Asian Tigers

Refers to Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan, known for rapid industrialization and high growth rates from the 1960s to 1990s.

Berlin Wall

A barrier that surrounded West Berlin, preventing access from East Berlin and East Germany from 1961 to 1989.

Cold War

The tense diplomatic relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II.

Containment

A Cold War policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Coup d'état

A sudden overthrow of a government.

Dien Bien Phu

The significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954, giving them control of northern Vietnam.

European Economic Community (EEC)

An economic organization of European states established in 1957 to coordinate economic policies and promote political unification.

Free Officers Movement

A military nationalist movement in Egypt that led a coup to seize the government from the khedive in July 1952.

Great Leap Forward

A disastrous economic policy introduced by Mao Zedong that promoted small-scale industrial projects.

India Constitution of 1950

The constitution that established the Republic of India and declared it a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic nation.

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

An international organization founded in 1944 to promote market economies and free trade.

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

A nationalist organization dedicated to the integration of Ireland as an independent unit, with some members resorting to violence.

Iron Curtain

A term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the political barrier isolating Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe from Western Europe.

Military Industrial Complex

A network of individuals and institutions involved in the production of weapons and military technology.