second half of flash cards

What charges do ions from group 1 and 2 form

Group 1 forms 1+

Group 2 forms 2+

What charges do ions from groups 6 and 7 form

Group 6 forms 2-

Group 7 forms 1-

Name the force that oppositely charged Ions together

Electrostatic force of attraction

Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice

Regular structure of alternating positive and negative ions is stronger and requires lots of energy to break

Why do ionic substances have higher melting melting points

Ions are fixed in position so cannot move, and there are no delocalised electrons

When can ionic substances conduct electricity?

When melted or dissolved

Why do ionic substances conduct electricity when melted or dissolved

Irons are free to move and carry charge

Describe the structure of a pure metal

Layers of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons

Explain why metals have high melting and boiling points

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons is strong and requires a lot of energy to break

Why are metals good conductors of electricity and of thermal energy

Delocalised electrons are free to move through the metal

What is an alloy

Mixture of metals with atoms of another element

Explain why alloys are harder than nonmetals

Different sized atoms disturb the layers, preventing them from sliding over each other

How big are Nano particles?

1_100 nm

How are Nano materials different from bulk materials

Nano materials have a much higher surface area to volume ratio

What is the relationship between side length and surface area to volume ratio

As side length decreases By a factor of 10 the surface area to volume ratio increases by a factor of 10

What are nano particles used for?

Healthcare, electronics, cosmetics, and catalysts