Comp Sci Unit 1

setProperty ( )

A function used to change properties of elements in your app.

OnEvent ( )

A function that listens for user interactions (like clicks) on elements and delivers a response. it is telling the program what code to execute when a given event occurs.

list different types of properties you can change on an app

• backgroundColor: The background color of elements like buttons, labels, or screens.

• textColor: The color of the text on buttons, labels, etc

• text: The text displayed on a label, button, or text input.

• fontSize: The size of the text.

List tools found in the design toolbox

• Screen: Adds a new screen to the app for organizing different pages.

• Button: A clickable button to trigger events.

• Text Input: A field where users can enter text.

• Dropdown: A list of options for the user to choose from.

• Checkbox: A box that users can check or uncheck.

• Radio Button: A set of buttons where only one can be selected at a time.

• Slider: A bar that users can slide to select a value.

• Text Area: A larger field for multi-line text input.

difference between input and output

Input: Input refers to the data or signals that a user or an external system provides to an app or a program. It’s what the program receives to process.

• Example:

  • Clicking a button or selecting an option from a dropdown.

Output: Output is the data or results that the app or program provides back to the user or another system after processing the input. It’s what the program generates and displays.

• Examples:

  • Playing a sound or displaying an image.

know the difference between code view vs. design view

• Design View: This view is primarily focused on the visual aspects of your app. It allows you to design the user interface (UI) without writing code.

• Features:

  • Drag-and-Drop Interface: You can easily add, move, and resize UI elements like buttons, labels, images, and input fields by dragging and dropping them onto the screen.

  • Property Editor: You can modify properties of the selected UI elements (like text, color, size, and visibility) using a properties panel.

  • Real-Time Preview: You can see how the app will look as you design it, allowing for immediate feedback on layout changes.

2. Code View

• Purpose: This view is where you write the code that controls the behavior and functionality of your app. It focuses on the logic behind the app, rather than its appearance.

• Features:

  • Text-Based Coding: You write JavaScript-like code to define how the app responds to user interactions, processes input, and generates output.

  • Event Handling: You can specify what happens when certain events occur, such as button clicks or text input changes.

  • Access to Variables and Functions: You can create and manipulate variables, define functions, and manage app logic.

User Interface

refers to the point of interaction between the user and a computer program, website, or app.

List the ways you can upload a picture or image on an app

• My Files

• Link to Image

• Icons

explain why it’s important for have meaningful element id’s

Meaningful IDs make your code easier to read and understand. They help you quickly know what each element does, making it easier to debug and maintain your app.

console.log ( )

A function used to print messages or variables to the console, which helps with debugging.

Sequential Programs & Event Driven Programs Similarities:

Both still run one program statement or command at a time 

Sequential vs. Event Driven Programs

• Sequential programs run line by line 

• Event-driven programs run code when they are triggered by events

• Sequential programs run the same way each time 

• Event-driven programs will run differently based on user interactions

What is the purpose of a design specification?

• Provides a clear plan for developers and designers

• Helps ensure everyone understands the goals and functions of the project

• Acts as a reference throughout the development process to keep the project on track

Lossy Compression

• Reduces file size by removing unimportant data

• Results in a loss of quality (e.g., JPEG images, MP3 audio)

• Useful for media where a slight decrease in quality is acceptable for smaller file sizes

• Compresses more data than Lossless

Lossless Compression

• Reduces file size without losing any data or quality

• Original data can be perfectly reconstructed (e.g. PNG images, text)

• Essential for situations where preserving quality is crucial

• (loss of words or number would change info)

Data Compression

process of reducing the data size to save storage space or transmission time. Purpose: improve storage efficiency, speed up data transmission, enhance performance, and lower costs, while allowing for easier management of large amounts of data.

Data values (any number values)

can be stored in variables (containers) lists of items, or  standalone constants and can be passed as input to (or output from) procedures.

Bit

shorthand for binary digit and is either 0 or 1. 

Abstraction

process of reducing hard code and making it into simple code

Analog Data

Values change smoothly over time (e.g., music pitch, colors, runner's position)

Number Base

 including binary and decimal, are used to represent data.

Information(Data)

• collection of facts and patterns extracted from data.

• Data provide opportunities for identifying trends, making connections, and addressing  problems 

High-Level Programming

Abstracts from hardware; runs on multiple computer types

Low-Level Programming

Closely corresponds to processor circuitry; interpreted quickly but less human-friendly

High-Level vs Low-Level Programming

Similarities:

- Both are types of programming languages used to write software.

- Both can ultimately control hardware and perform tasks.

Differences:

- High-Level: Easier to read and write; abstracts hardware details; examples include Python and Java.

- Low-Level: More control over hardware; harder to read; examples include Assembly and C.

Biometrics

Recognizes individuals by physical traits (e.g., fingerprints, face)

Digital Divide

Gap in technology access between rich and poor, young and old, etc.

Copyright

Exclusive right granted by government to reproduce/sell a creative work

Packets

Small chunks of information that are portions of a larger, complete set. 

IP Address

A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet

Router

receives messages travelling across a network and redirects them  towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information included with the message.

Visual tools (tables, diagrams) are used to

Communicate insights &  knowledge gained from data. 

Programs process data to

gain information

Intellectual Property

Intangible creations (ideas, music, art) as result of creativity and intellectual effort

Target Advertising

Companies target specific demographic groups

Metadata

• Data about data (e.g., image file size, creation date)

• Used for organizing and managing information

Bias in Data

Problems of bias are often created by the type or source of data being collected.
Bias is not eliminated by simply collecting more data.

Protocol

Rules for data exchange between devices.

Latency

Time taken for a signal to arrive

Bandwidth

Data transmission capacity, measured by bit rate

Boolean

A question with only two possible answers

Transmission Methods

• Fiber Optics: Uses light to transmit data

• Copper Wire: Uses electrical current

• WiFi: Wireless technology using radio waves

Prototype

An initial sketch or model of a new idea

Data does what?

provides opportunities for identifying trends, making connections, and addressing  problems