Cells

What is structer 1?

Cell membrane

What is structer 2?

Nuclear membrane

What is structer 3?

Flagellum

What is structer 4?

Nucleous

What is structer 5?

Smooth ER

What is structer 6?

Rough ER

What is structer 7?

Golgi Apparauts

What is structer 8?

Ribosome

What is structer 9?

Mitochondria

What is structer 10?

Lysosome

Cell wall

structure that provides strong support on the outside of plant cells, found in plant, fungi and prokaryotes

rough ER

processes and transports proteins

mitochondria

takes in glucose (sugar) and produces ATP

chloroplast

does photosynthesis a process that creates glucose (sugar) from light

ribosome

Makes proteins, can be free or bound

golgi apparatus

packages and ships molecules after they are made in the ER

vacuole

stores water and other nutrients

smooth ER

produces and transports lipids

cytoplasm

Jelly like fluid inside cells

nucleus

Holds genetic material/DNA, controls cell

lysosome

Holds digestive enzymes that break down molecules in animal cells.

Plasma/cell membrane

a flexible phospholipid bilayer that regulates what enters and leaves the cell,

What does the endomembrane system do?

It regulates protein movement and performs chemical reactions in the cell.

What are the components of the endomembrane system?

Nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes,vacuoles and plasma membrane

The nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane are either connected or can transfer materials by

transport vesicles

What accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells?

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Which ER lacks ribosomes?

The smooth ER

What does the smooth ER do?

Builds lipids, processes carbs, detoxifies positions and stores calcium.

Which ER has ribosomes?

Rough ER

What does the rough ER do?

synthesize, fold, and transport proteins destined for cell membranes, lysosomes, or export outside the cell. [1, 2, 3]

What does the golgi apparatus consist of?

Flattened membranes

What are the golgi apparauts functions?

Receives and modifies products from the ER, sorts and packages materials into transport vehicles

What is a lysosome?

A organelle filled with enzymes that can digest biomolecules

What can lysosmal enzymes do

They can hydrolyze proteins, fats, polysacchardies, and nucleic adics

What are vacuoles?

Organelles that are used to store materials such as water or food

What are the most noticable examples of vacuoles.

Central vacuoles, which are found in mature plant cells, which hold organic compounds, pigments and water

Organelle

A ting organ within the cell that has a specific job

What is a prokaryote cell

They have no nucleus or organelles like bacteria, very small

What is a eukaryote cell

They do have a nucleus and organelles like animal cells

What is a plasmid

Circular stand of DNA in a bacteria

What is a capsule

Outer covering of some bacteria that provides extra protecting

What is a pili

Hollow, hair like proteins that allows bacteria to attach to surfaces

All cells have a cell membrane which

controls what enters and leaves the cell

All cells have a cytoplasm which is

the fluid contents of the cell

All cells have ribosomes which

make protein using RNA

Long+thin DNA equals

Chromatin

All cells have DNA which is

genetic instructions of the cell

What is the nucleus

control center of the cell

nuclear membrane

controls what enters and leaves the nucleus

Nuclear pores

allows larger molecules to enter and leave the nucleus

Nucleous

makes ribosomes, located in the nucleus

All cells have

cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes amd DNA

What structures are only found in animal cells?

Lysosomes and tempory vacuole

What structures are only found in plant cells

Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles and plastids

What does a prokaryote have that eukaryote doesn’t?

No nucleus, small/simple, older, and unicelluar

What does a eukaryote have that a prokaryote doesn't?

Nucleus, membrane bound organelles, larger/complex, multicelluar or unicelluar

What do Prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes

Cilla

Part of cytoskeleton outside cells, for movement

Flagellum

Helps the cell move through liquid enviorments

What is endosymbiotic theory?

Prokaryotes combine to from 1st primitive eukaryotic cell.

Evdience of the evolution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Mitochondria and chloroplast are double membrane organisms, they have their own DNA and ribosomes, both can make more of themselves (similar to how prokaryotes reproduce)

Describe the pathway a protein would take from it’s formation to when it exits the cell

Proteins made for export start in rough ER, vesicle, golgi app, vesicle, cell membrane

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are ..

NOT part of the endomembrane system