4.4 (2.1.4) Cofactors, coenzymes, and prosthetic groups

define cofactor

non-protein molecules

inorganic molecules or ions

where are coenzymes obtained from

via the diet as vitamins

where are coenzymes obtained from

via the diet as vitamins

why are prosthetic groups considered cofactors

they are required by certain enzymes to carry out their catalytic function

where are coenzymes obtained from

prosthetic groups are tightly bound to the enzyme protein and form a permanent feature of the protein

how are prosthetic groups bound to enzymes

prosthetic groups are tightly bound to the enzyme protein and form a permanent feature of the protein

define precursor enzymes

define precursor enzymes

enzymes that are produced in an inactive form

which enzymes tend to be precursor

enzymes that can cause damage within the cells which produce them or to tissues where they are release, or enzymes whose actions need to be only activated under certain conditions

define apoenzyme

inactive precursor protein

define holoenzyme

precursor enzyme which has been activated by the addition of a cofactor