9.2Periodicity of Chemical Properties of the Elements in Period 3

This set of flashcards covers key concepts, reactions, and behaviors of Period 3 elements, including their oxides and chlorides.

What is the chemical equation for the reaction of sodium with oxygen?

4Na (s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O (s)

What is the product formed when phosphorus reacts with oxygen?

P4O10 (s)

Which Period 3 element reacts vigorously with cold water?

Sodium (Na)

What is the pH of the solution formed when sodium oxide reacts with water?

12-14 (strongly alkaline)

How does magnesium oxide behave in water?

It is only weakly alkaline, with a pH of 8-10.

What is the oxidation state of oxygen in Period 3 oxides?

-2, while the oxidation states of Period 3 elements are positive.

What type of bonding is present in sodium chloride?

Ionic bonding.

What is the acidic behavior of P4O10 when it reacts with water?

It forms phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with a pH of 3-4.

Which Period 3 oxide is amphoteric?

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3).

What happens to the pH of a solution of aluminum chloride in water?

It turns acidic due to the formation of HCl gas.

What is the electronegativity trend in Period 3?

Electronegativity increases across the period from sodium (Na) to chlorine (Cl).

What type of structure do sodium and magnesium oxides have?

Giant ionic structure.

How does sulphur dioxide behave when dissolved in water?

It forms sulfurous acid (H2SO3), which is strongly acidic.

What is the impact of the ionic charge on the strength of the metallic bonding in aluminum?

Higher ionic charge leads to stronger metallic bonds.

What characterizes the bonding in silicon dioxide (SiO2)?

It has a giant covalent structure.

What defines the covalent bonding in phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine?

They exist as simple molecular structures.

How does aluminium oxide demonstrate its amphoteric nature?

It reacts with both acids and bases to form salts.