Med Term Ch 6

The eye and the ear

Ot/o

Ear

Otorrhea

Flow or discharge from the ear

Otalgia

Pain in the ear

Otolaryngologist

a specialist in the study of the ears, nose, and throat

ENT

ear, nose, and throat

Auricle or Pinna

The part of the outer ear that is located outside of the head

The External Auditory Canal or the Ear Canal

The part of the outer ear that is lined with cilia and ceruminous glands

Cilia

Small hair like structures

Ceruminous Glands

Glands that secrete cerumen

Cerumen

Ear wax

Otitis Externia

Pain of the outer ear

Ear thermometry

the process of measuring the bodies heat through the ear

Otoscope

the instrument used to examen the ear

tympan/o or myring/o

Tympanic membrane or Eardrum

Eustachian Tube

connects the middle ear to the pharynx

Tympanic membrane (Eardrum) and Eustachian tube

Parts of the middle ear

Otitis Media

inflamation of the middle ear; occurs when there is a thick, sticky fluid behind the eardrum in the middle ear; s/s are otalgia, fever, hearing loss, ear pressure; is diagnosed by otoscopy or tympanogram

Myringotomy or Tympanotomy

incision into the eardrum

PE (pressure equalizing) tubes or Tympanostomy tubes

Tube inserted into the eardrum to drain fluid

Cochlea, Organ of corti, Semicircular canals

Parts of the Inner Ear

Cochlea

Snail-shaped, bony structure of the inner ear, containing fluid which aids in transmission of sound vibrations

Organ of corti

the true organ of hearing in the inner ear

Semicircular canals

3 bony, fluid-filled loops in the inner ear that help to maintain balance

Cochlear Implants

Restore hearing loss

Meniere’s Disease

an increased pressure within the semicirular canals caused by an increased amount of fluid; s/s could be tinnitus, sensitivity to load noises, headache, or vertigo; there is no cure so medication is used to treat the symptoms

Audi/o, Audit/o, and Acous/o

Hearing Word Roots

-cusis

Hearing Suffix

Audiologist

specialist in the study of hearing

Audiometry

the process of measuring hearing

Presbycusis

age related hearing loss caused by old age

AD

right ear

AS

left ear

AU

both ears

EENT

eyes, ears, nose, and throat

AOM

acute otitus media

OM

otitus media

Major function of the eye

to provide sight

lacrimal duct

keeps the eye moist by producing tears

conjunctiva

thin, clear membrane that covers the eye

blephar/o

eyelid

blepharedema

swelling of the eyelid

Blepharoplasty

surgical repair of the eyelid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

conjunctivitis

inflamation of the conjunctiva

ocul/o or ophthalm/o

eye

opt/o and optic/o

word root for vision

-opia and -opsia

suffix for vision

ophthalmologist

a specialist in the study of the eye

Optometrist

a specialist in vision measurments (O.D.)

Optician

pertaining to vision

scler/o

sclera

Sclera

the white part of the eye

scleritis

inflamation of the sclera

irid/o and ir/o

iris

iris

the colored part of the eye

Iridectomy

surgical removal of the iris

corne/o and kerat/o

cornea

cornea

an extension of the sclera that covers the iris and pupil

keratoplasty

the surgical repair of the cornea

Corneal Abrasion

disruption of the cornea’s surface epithelium that can cause pain, redness, tearing, and photophobia

Photophobia

fear of light

Corneal ulcer

an open sore in the cornea

pupill/o

pupil

pupil

the dark hole in the center of the iris that controls the amount of light entering the eye

pupillary action

pupil contracts when it is bright and expand in the dark

PERRLA

pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodation

Phac/o and Phak/o

Lens

Lens

located posterior to the iris, and is a colorless biconvex structure that focuses image on the retina

cataract

the cloudiness of the lens causing decreased vision, which can be caused by aging, metabolic disorders, trauma, or heredity

Phacoemulsification

ultrasonic vibrations break up cataract; pieces aspirated through ultrasound probe

Retinal Detachment

2 layers of retina separate causing loss of vision, caused by severe head injury, trauma to the eye, or bleeding, and has symptoms of flashes of bright light, “floaters,” or sensation of a curtain falling down on line of vision

cry/o

cold

diabetic retinopathy

disease of the retina caused by increased blood sugar causing scarring of the capillaries of retina, causing leakage of blood into the retina, causing loss of vision

Retinoblastoma

a malignant tumor of the retina that is treated with enucleation (removal of the eye)

Macular Degeneration

ARMD - Leading cause of blindness in the elderly,. caused by the deterioration of macula of the retina, leading to the loss of central part of vision

Glaucoma

increase in intraocular pressure can damage the retina and optic nerve causing the loss of peripheral vision

ton/o

tension

Eso-

inward prefix

Exo-

outward prefix

-tropia

turning suffix

Esotropia

eye(s) turning inward

exotropia

eye(s) turning outward

Strabismus

cross-eyes

myopia

nearsightedness

hyperopia

farsightedness

Presbyopia

farsightedness as a result of old age

astigmatism

blurred vision caused by a curvature in the lens

HEENT

head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat

OD

right eye

OS

left eye

OU

both eyes

IOP

intraocular pressure

VA

visual acuity

VF

visual field

ARMD

age related macular degeneration

IOL

intraocular lens

LASIK

laser assisted in situ keratomileusil