Is matter around us pure

pure substance

they consist of only one type of particles

mixture

consists of two or more different types of particles

solid solid mixture

components are present in solid state

solid liquid mixture

solid is present in liquid

liquid liquid mixture

liquid is present in liquid

immisible liquid mixture

if liquid doesn't disolve in other liquid

homogeneous mixture

if particles and composition are seen everywhere in a mixture

heterogeneous mixture

if particles and composition are not seen everywhere in a mixture

atom

the smallest particle of matter which doesn't have independent existence

they are responsible for all physical and chemical properties

molecule

it is a smaller particle of matter which can exist independently and is formed when two or more atoms combine chemically

element

it is a pure substance which has only one type of atom

compound

it is a pure substance which is formed when two or more elements combine chemically

solution

homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

binary solution

when only two components are present in a substance

solute

component of a solution present in less quantity

solvent

component of a solution present in more quantity

Tyndall effect

scattering of beam of light by the particles of a mixture and makes its path visible

concentration of a solution

the amount of solute present in a solvent or solution

dilute solution

it has relatively low concentration

concentrated solution

it has relatively high concentration

saturated solution

the solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at room temperature

unsaturated solution

the solution in which amount of solute is less than saturation level

super saturated solution

the solution in which amount of solute is more than saturation level

solubility

amount of solute present in a saturated solution at a given temperature

suspension

they are heterogeneous or non homogeneous mixture in which suspended particles are above 1000nm

properties of suspensions

it is a heterogeneous mixture

particles can be seen with naked eye

the particles scatter a beam of light passing through it making its path visible

solute particles settle down when a suspension is left undisturbed

they can be separated from mixture by filtration method

colloids

they are heterogeneous mixtures in which dispersed phase particles size is 1nm to 1000nm

dispersed medium

component in which dispersed phase is suspended

properties of colloids

they are heterogeneous mixture

dispersed phase particles cannot be seen with naked eye

dispersed phase particles are big enough to scatter the beam of light and make its path visible

dispersed phase particles down settle at bottom of containers

dispersed phase particles can be separated by centrifugation method

physical change

temporary and reversible change in which no new substances are formed is known as physical change

examples of physical change

expansion of metals

breaking glass

melting wax

lightening of bulb

magnetization of iron nail

sublimation and deposition

making fruit salad

chemical change

permanent and irreversible in which new substance is formed

examples of chemical change

cooking of food

digestion of food

respiration

rottening of eggs

formation of curd

preparation of bread and cake

decomposition of biological matter

metal

they are good conductors of heat and electricity

they are ductile

they are lustrous

they are ductile

metals are malleable

mercury is a liquid at room temperature its melting point is -38.9 C

lithium sodium and pottassium are soft metals and can be cut with knife

non metal

they are sonorous

they are poor conductors of heat

they are non lustrous except for diamond and iodine

they are ductile

they are non maleable

metalloids

elements that show both properties of metals and non metals