Speech-Language Pathology and Communication Disorders Overview

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering terms, definitions, classifications, and disorder types in speech-language pathology and communication.

Language

What you say.

Speech

How you say it.

Big 9

The core areas of communication and swallowing: 1) Speech sound production, 2) Fluency + fluency disorders, 3) Voice + voice disorders, 4) Expressive + receptive communication, 5) Hearing + hearing disorder, 6) Cognitive aspects of comm. disorders, 7) Social aspects of comm. + disorders, 8) Communication modalities, and 9) Feeding + swallowing.

Communication Difference

A variation in communication that is not an impairment.

Fluency and Fluency Disorders

Relates to rhythm, flow, rate, and unusual interruption in the flow of speaking.

Phonological Disorder

A speech sound disorder characterized by trouble using sound patterns.

Articulation Disorders

A speech sound disorder characterized by trouble making certain sounds.

Dysarthria

Weak or poor muscle control making speech unclear or slow.

Verbal Apraxia

A condition where the brain has trouble planning movements for speech.

Resonance Disorders

Disorders that occur when air/sound moves incorrectly through the mouth or nose.

Phonation

The voice production process that involves the action of vibrating vocal folds in the voice box.

Voice Disorders (Dysphonia)

Inappropriate use of voice quality, pitch, or loudness.

Hearing Impairment

Deficiency in detecting sounds (also referred to in the context of audition).

Cognitive Aspects of Communication Disorders

Cognitive processes influencing communication disorders, specifically attention, memory, and executive functioning.

Congenital Disorder

A disorder present at birth, such as being born w/ deafness or cleft palette.

Acquired Disorder

A disorder that occurred after birth.

Organic Disorder

A disorder caused by physical reasons (ex. cleft palette).

Functional Disorder

A disorder caused by a functional problem (ex. high pitch in convo.).

Developmental Disorder

A condition where an individual is slow to talk or understand language.

Conductive Hearing Disorder

A hearing disorder affecting the outer/middle ear.

Sensor Neural Hearing Disorder

A hearing disorder affecting the inner/nervous sys.

Mixed Hearing Disorder

A hearing disorder that is a combination of conductive and sensor neural hearing disorders.

Language Disorders

Disorders classified into two main types: 1) Developmental language disorders (DLD), and 2) Acquired language disorders.

Pragmatics

The social aspects of communication.

Social Communication Disorder (SCD)

Ongoing trouble using verbal and nonverbal language for interaction.

Alternative + Augmentative Communication (AAC)

Communication modalities used to assist or replace traditional communication methods.

Feeding

How we obtain nourishment/hydration.

Stages of Swallowing

The four sequential stages of swallowing: 1) oral preparatory, 2) oral stage, 3) pharyngeal, and 4) esophageal.

Pediatric Feeding Disorder (PFD)

Impaired oral intake that is not age appropriate.

Dysphagia

A swallowing symptom caused by a disorder or disease (stroke, cancer, etc.).