Human AP Final Exam Review CH. 10

What is a prime mover (agonist)?

Muscle mainly responsible for a specific movement.

What is an antagonist muscle?

Muscle that opposes or reverses a movement.

In elbow flexion (bending the elbow) , which muscle is the agonist?

Biceps.

In elbow flexion, which muscle is the antagonist? (relaxes)

Triceps.

In elbow extension (straighten elbow) , which muscle is the agonist?

Triceps brachii

In elbow extension (straighten arm) , which muscle is the antagonist? (relaxes)

Biceps.

What does a synergist do?

Helps the prime mover and adds force or reduces unwanted motion.

What is a fixator?

A synergist that stabilizes a bone or origin.

What is a circular muscle arrangement?

Fascicles form rings (e.g., around mouth).

What is a convergent muscle?

Broad origin, narrow insertion (e.g., pectoralis major).

What is a parallel muscle?

Fascicles run along muscle’s length.

What is fusiform muscle shape?

Spindle-shaped with a belly.