Plant Reproduction

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes on plant reproduction.

Asexual Reproduction

Reproduction without the fusion of gametes, including methods like growth from root sprouts and fragmentation.

Vegetative Propagation

A commercial method of plant reproduction using cuttings from one plant to produce identical plants, commonly used for houseplants and fruit trees.

Grafting

The union of two related plants to propagate plant varieties.

Test Tube Method

A method of plant development from a single cell in a test tube, requiring specific hormones.

Sporophyte

The diploid phase in the plant life cycle that produces spores.

Gametophyte

The haploid phase of the plant life cycle that produces gametes.

Peduncle

The part of the stem from which the flower develops.

Receptacle

The thickened part of a stem that bears the flower or flowers.

Sepals

The outermost parts of a flower, typically green, that protect the flower bud.

Petals

Colorful parts of a flower that attract pollinators.

Stamen

The male reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the anther and filament.

Pistil

The female reproductive organ of a flower, composed of stigma, style, and ovary.

Microspores

Haploid male spores produced in the anther.

Megaspores

Haploid female spores produced in the ovary with only one being functional after meiosis.

Double Fertilization

A unique process in flowering plants where one sperm fertilizes the egg and another sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei, forming endosperm.

Self Fertilization

A reproductive strategy where pollen from one plant fertilizes its own ovules.

Accessory Fruits

Fruits that include other tissues in addition to the ovary of a flower.

Embryo Sac

A female gametophyte structure in the ovule containing the egg and other cells.

Seed Dispersal

The process by which seeds are spread away from the parent plant through various mechanisms, including wind and animals.

Seed Dormancy

A period during which seeds do not germinate, ensuring that germination occurs under favorable conditions.

Eudicots

A group of flowering plants characterized by having a radicle that emerges first and the epicotyl that pushes through the soil.

Monocots

A group of flowering plants with a protective sheath covering the radicle and epicotyl, where cotyledons generally remain underground.

Annuals

Plants that complete their life cycle in one year or one growing season.

Perennials

Plants that live for multiple years, capable of reproducing several times throughout their life.