Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580/31 May/June 2025 Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering geometric formulas, algebraic terms, and mathematical measurement concepts from the May/June 2025 IGCSE Mathematics Paper 3 transcript.

Area of a triangle

The space inside a triangle, calculated using the formula $A = \frac{1}{2}bh$, where $b$ is the base and $h$ is the height.

Area of a circle

The space inside a circle, calculated using the formula $A = \text{π}r^2$, where $r$ is the radius.

Circumference of a circle

The distance around the edge of a circle, calculated as $C = 2\text{π}r$, where $r$ is the radius.

Curved surface area of a cylinder

The area of the side surface of a cylinder, given by the formula $A = 2\text{π}rh$, where $r$ is the radius and $h$ is the height.

Curved surface area of a cone

The area of the sloped side of a cone, calculated as $A = \text{π}rl$, where $r$ is the radius and $l$ is the sloping edge.

Surface area of a sphere

The total outside area of a sphere, calculated using the formula $A = 4\text{π}r^2$, where $r$ is the radius.

Volume of a prism

The amount of space inside a prism, calculated as $V = Al$, where $A$ is the cross-sectional area and $l$ is the length.

Volume of a pyramid

The space inside a pyramid, given by the formula $V = \frac{1}{3}Ah$, where $A$ is the base area and $h$ is the height.

Volume of a cylinder

The space inside a cylinder, calculated using the formula $V = \text{π}r^2h$, where $r$ is the radius and $h$ is the height.

Volume of a cone

The space inside a cone, calculated using the formula $V = \frac{1}{3}\text{π}r^2h$, where $r$ is the radius and $h$ is the height.

Volume of a sphere

The space inside a sphere, calculated using the formula $V = \frac{4}{3}\text{π}r^3$, where $r$ is the radius.

Obtuse Angle

The mathematical name for an angle that measures more than $90^\text{o}$ but less than $180^\text{o}$, such as an angle of $157^\text{o}$.

Gradient

The steepness of a line; in the equation $y = 5x - 3$, the gradient is $5$.

Parallel Lines

Lines that never meet because they have the same gradient.

Bearing

A direction measured in degrees clockwise from North; for example, ship B is at a bearing of $105^\text{o}$ from ship A.

Mean

The average value of a data set, calculated by dividing the sum of all values (frequency multiplied by number) by the total frequency.

Compound Interest

Interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods (e.g., $3.5\text{\%}$ per year for $5$ years).

Mathematically Similar

Two shapes, such as triangles ABC and UVW, where corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are in the same proportion.

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance, defined by the formula $\text{Density} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}$; for gold, it is given as $19.3\text{\,g/cm}^3$.

Limits of Accuracy (Bounds)

The range of values a measurement could actually be; for a building of height $105\text{\,m}$ correct to the nearest metre, the statement is $104.5\text{\,m} \text{ ≤ } h < 105.5\text{\,m}$.