BIOL 2460 AO Lab Practical #1 Study Guide

A collection of flashcards designed to review key concepts and procedures from the BIOL 2460 AO Lab Practical #1 Study Guide.

What are the correct steps for a broth-to-agar plate transfer?

The specific order of steps must be known for the transfer process, which involves inoculating an agar plate from a broth culture.

How should a Bunsen burner be properly used in the lab?

It should be lit to create an aseptic environment, preventing contamination during microbial manipulation.

What are BSL requirements?

Biosafety Level (BSL) requirements involve the necessary precautions for handling microorganisms based on their risk to human health.

What does 'sterile' mean?

Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms.

What is meant by 'aseptic technique'?

A procedure performed under sterile conditions to prevent contamination.

How do you calculate total magnification?

Total magnification is calculated by multiplying the ocular lens magnification by the objective lens magnification.

What are the parts of a microscope and their functions?

Key parts include the ocular lens (eyepiece), objective lenses (varying magnifications), stage (holds the slide), and the light source.

What is the definition of 'resolution' in microscopy?

Resolution is the ability to distinguish two close points as separate entities.

What factors affect resolution?

Resolution is affected by the wavelength of light used and the numerical aperture of the lens.

What is the procedure for fixing bacteria to a slide?

Bacteria are heat-fixed to a slide to adhere cells for staining and microscopy.

What is the Gram Stain method?

A differential staining technique used to classify bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative.

How do you interpret Gram Stain results?

Gram-positive bacteria appear purple due to thick cell walls, while Gram-negative bacteria appear pink.

What is the Acid Fast Stain method?

A staining technique used primarily for mycobacteria, which retain the primary dye even when washed with acid.

How do you interpret Acid Fast Stain results?

Acid-fast bacteria appear pink/red, while non-acid-fast bacteria appear blue.

What is the Endospore Stain method?

A technique to visualize bacterial endospores, which are resistant structures made by some bacteria.

How do you interpret Endospore Stain results?

Endospores will appear green while the rest of the cell will appear pink/red after staining.

What is the two streak plate method of isolation?

A technique used to isolate a pure sample from a mixed culture on an agar plate.

What is the spread plate method of isolation?

A technique used to evenly distribute a diluted sample across the surface of an agar plate.

What does CFU stand for in microbiology?

Colony Forming Unit, which denotes the number of viable bacteria in a sample.

steps for gram stain

Gram stain steps:

1. Crystal Violet
2. Gram's Iodine
3. Ethyl Alcohol
4. Safranin Red

negative stain steps

negative stain steps:

1. nigrosin
2.heat loop
3.bacteria
4. slide to spread mixture
5. air dry

acid fast stain

acid-fast stain steps:

1. carbolfuchsin
2. acid alcohol
3. methylene blue
4. wash & dry

simple stain steps

simple stain steps

1. fixed smear slide
2. dyes
3. rinse & dry

nutrient broth

liquid used to grow bacteria

agar

used to culture microorganisms

candle jar

used for anaerobic organisms