Med 90 Articulation Exam Word Review

Dermatologist

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin

Endocrinologist

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and malfunctions of the endocrine glands

Oncologist

cancer specialist

Neonatologist

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the newborn

Rheumatologist

physician who specializes in the study and treatment of systemic diseases affecting joints and muscles

Cytologist

a specialist in the study and analysis of cells

Histologist

a specialist in the study of the organization of tissues at all levels

Mitral valve

Flap or cusp between the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart.

Tricuspid valve

Flap or cusp between the right atrium and right ventricle in the heart.

Left ventricle

One of the four chambers of the heart; receives blood from the left atrium and pumps the blood into the aorta for transport to the body cells.

Right ventricle

One of the four chambers of the heart; receives blood from the right atrium and pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygen.

Coronary arteries

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

Interventricular septum

partition between the right and left ventricles

Pituitary gland

Small, rounded endocrine gland at the base of the brain; regulates function of other endocrine glands and body processes.

Intercostal muscles

muscles between the ribs

Cervix (1)

Entrance to the uterus

Cervix(2)

lower neck

Lingual

tongue

Inguinal

Near the groin

Ureters

Tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cell (RBC).

Suprarenal

above the kidney, refers to the adrenal glands

Bones of the sternum

manubrium, body of sternum, xiphoid process

Collarbone

clavicle

Thighbone

femur

Shoulder Blade

scapula

Prone

lies on the abdomen, with the legs together and the face turned to the side.

Supine

lies flat on the back, face upward.

Compound Fracture

a bone break that is accompanied by an open wound on the skin

Kyphosis

hunchback

Scoliosis

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Subdural hematoma

pertaining to below the dura mater, tumor of blood

Acromegaly

over secretion of somatotropin (growth hormone) in an adult

Myocardial infarction

heart attack

Hepatocele

hernia or swelling of the liver

Hepatomegaly

enlargement of the liver

Ectopic Pregnancy

A pregnancy outside of the womb, usually in a fallopian tube

Trichopathy

disease of the hair

Hematuria

Blood in the urine.

Osteosclerosis

abnormal hardening of bone

Dystocia

difficult labor

Lumbodynia

pain in the lumbar region of the back

Atrophy

to waste away

Petechia

minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

Anoxia

lack of oxygen

Ascites

an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal peritoneal cavity

Post-partum

after birth

Lymphangioma

a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system

Cholelith

gallstone; literally, a stone in the bile

Choledochlith

Calculus/stone in the bile duct

Hematochezia

bright red blood in stool

Dehydration

Insufficient amounts of fluid in the tissues.

Gastritis

inflammation of the lining of the stomach

Primi gravida

a woman during her first pregnancy

Scleroderma

an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen

Orthopnea

Severe dyspnea in which breathing is very difficult in any position other than sitting erect or standing.

Bronchitis

Acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes, or air tubes in the lungs.

Aerophagia

the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach

Lipoma

a benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and the muscle layer

Osteoporosis

A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.

Cardiomyopathy

disease of the heart muscle, the myocardium

Dyspnea

difficult or labored breathing

Hernia

Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

Hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

Leukopenia

Abnormally low white blood cell count

Dysuria

painful urination

Azotemia

(excessive) urea and nitrogenous substances in the blood

Incontinence

inability to control bladder and/or bowels

Osteomalicia

softening of the bone

Placenta abruptio

the premature detachment of the placenta

Polydipsia

excessive thirst

Leiomyosarcoma

malignant tumor made of smooth muscle cells

Croup

an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough

Comatose

lethargic, unconscious

Diaphoresis

profuse sweating

Hypercalcemia

an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood

Arteriosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

Aortostenosis

narrowing or stricture of the aorta

Anorexia

lack or loss of appetite

Dyspepsia

difficult digestion; indigestion

Hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

Dysuria

difficult or painful urination

Neuralgia

pain along the course of a nerve

Myalgia

pain in the muscle

Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells beyond their original site

Laryngostenosis

stricture or narrowing of the larynx

Bronchospasm

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut

Apnea

temporary cessation of breathing

Corticosteroids

anti-inflammatory agents that treat skin inflammation

Diuretics

medications administered to increase urine secretion in order to rid the body of excess water and salt

Thrombolytics

dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

Antibiotics

Drugs that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria

Oxytocin

A hormone released by the posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Cortisol

stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex

Epinephrine

Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress. Also known as adrenaline.

Cortisone

anti-inflammatory hormone

Anastomosis

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

Thoracentesis

the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

Phlebotomy

opening of a vein to diminish the blood supply