water treatment 3

Aesthetic concerns of water

• odor

  • hydrogen sulfide rotten egg odor, control by aeration

  • chlorine, chloramine and chlorine byproducts, control by carbon filter

• taste

  • Fe and Mn cause metallic taste, control by aeration

• hardness

  • concentration of calcium and magnesium

• staining of clothing

  • fe- orange color

  • Mn causes metallic taste, control by a

  • hydrogen sulfide- black if Fe present

what distance should be maintained drinking and waste pipes

horizontal 10 vertical 10

Basic lake health

• oligotrophic

  • new, not many creatures in water, no lake life

  • Eutrophic

    • Natural blooming lake

• mesotrophic

  • balanced lake

oligotrophic

• clear lake

• high in dissolved oxygen

• low algae production

• low nutrient quality

• few plants and animals

• large trout but not many aquatic organisms

Eutrophic

• enrichment of a body of water by nutrients

• from sewer runoff or agricultural runoff

• cloudy from blue-green algae

• Low dissolved oxygen due to high BOD from aerobic digestion of decaying plant life

• large populations of aquatic life

  • carp, bullhead, catifsh, etc…

BOD

biological oxygen

Mesotrophic

• intermediate level of 

  • nutrients 

  • clarify

  • fish populations

  • algae production

Basic stream health

• zone of degradation

  • near point source pollution

  • highly contaminated

  • decompses

• zone of active decompositions

  • most polluted zone

• zone of recovery

  • gradual improvement

Stream zone of degradation

• dissolved oxygen level diminishes

• near point source pollutiom

• fish numbers plummet

• solids increase

• bottom full of sludge

• snails and worms number increases

stream zone of active decomposition

• dissolved oxygen near zero

• high turbidity

• fish near zerp

• foul odors

• only larvae and worms in the sludge prevail

• most polluted zone

stream zone of recovery

• gradual reversal from decomposition to degradation and from there to healthy

• dissolved oxygen level increases

• odors reduce

• clams, snails, crawfish, bugs, flies, prevail

• later fish number increases

ABS and LAS pollutants

• surfactant redices the surface tnesion of water and thus help degreasing

polar ———> oil chem/organic

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