AQA GCSE Chemistry Paper 1

Flashcards covering key concepts from AQA GCSE Chemistry Topic 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table.

Atom

The smallest part of an element that can exist.

Element

A pure substance made of only one type of atom.

Compound

A substance formed from two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.

Chemical Symbol

A notation of one or two letters representing a chemical element.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Filtration

A method to separate solids from liquids using a filter.

Crystallisation

The process of forming solid crystals from a solution.

Distillation

A separation technique that uses boiling and condensation.

Plum Pudding Model

An early model of the atom suggesting it is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded.

Nucleus

The positively charged center of an atom, which contains protons and neutrons.

Proton

A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutron

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus with no electrical charge.

Electron

A negatively charged subatomic particle orbiting the nucleus of an atom.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Relative Atomic Mass

The average mass of an element's isotopes, weighted by their abundance.

Electronic Structure

The distribution of electrons in the atomic shells of an atom.