THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONALITY - FLASHCARDS

What is personality?

A person’s unique long-term pattern of thinking, emotion, and behavior; the consistency of who you are, have been, and will become.

What is character?

Personal characteristics that have been judged or evaluated; desirable or undesirable qualities.

What are personality traits?

Stable qualities that a person shows in most situations.

What is a personality type?

People who have several traits in common.

Which psychologist proposed that we are one of two personality types?

Carl Jung.

Define introvert.

Shy, reserved, inward-focused individual.

Define extrovert.

Bold, outgoing individual whose attention is directed outward.

What is self-concept?

Your ideas, perceptions, and feelings about who you are.

What is self-esteem?

A positive or negative evaluation of oneself.

What do trait theories aim to do?

Identify the traits that make up personality and how they relate to behavior.

What do psychodynamic theories emphasize?

Inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and unconscious forces.

What do behaviorist and social learning theories emphasize?

External environment, conditioning, and learning in shaping personality.

What do humanistic theories focus on?

Private, subjective experience and personal growth.

What are common traits (Allport)?

Characteristics shared by most members of a culture.

What are individual traits (Allport)?

Traits that define a person’s unique qualities.

Define cardinal traits (Allport).

Traits so basic that almost all of a person’s activities can be traced back to them.

Define central traits (Allport).

Core qualities of a personality.

Define secondary traits (Allport).

Inconsistent or superficial aspects of a person (e.g., musical tastes).

What are surface traits (Cattell)?

Visible features of personality.

What are source traits (Cattell)?

Underlying characteristics of a personality.

What is factor analysis (Cattell)?

A statistical technique used to identify general underlying factors.

What is a trait profile (Cattell)?

Graph of the scores on several personality traits.

List the Big Five personality traits.

Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness to experience.

What is extroversion in the Big Five?

Degree