360 Anatomy and Physiology of Childbirth: Exam 2

Passageway, passenger, position, powers, psyche

The 5 P’s of labor

Bony Pelvis of Passageway

Includes, inlet, mid-pelvis (between ischial spines), and outlet

Soft Tissues of Passageway

Includes cervix, vagina, perineum

Longitudinal Lie

The long axis of the fetus is parallel to the long axis of the mother

Transverse Lie

The long axis of the fetus is at a right angle to the long axis of the mother

Attitude of Flexion

Fetus’s head, arms, and legs are flexed tightly against the trunk

Attitude of Extension

Fetus’s head is extended and the right arm is extended

Vertex 

• Presentation of fetus where the baby's head is oriented downward, with the occipital bone (back of the head) facing the mother's cervix. 

• The chin is tucked into the chest. 

• The body is typically lying along the mother's spine. 

• Most common and ideal position for vaginal delivery

Sinciput

Presentation of fetus in which the frontal part of the skill, including the forehead and top of head, is first to descend the birth canal

Brow

Presentation of fetus in which the head is extended in the uterus, causing the brow (forehead) to be the leading part entering the birth canal

Face

Presentation of fetus in which the baby’s head is hyperextended, causing their face to be the first part to enter the birth canal

Frank Breech

Fetal positioning where the baby’s butt is facing the birth canal with both hips flexed and both knees extended up near the head

Full Breech

Fetal positioning where the baby’s butt is closest to the cervix, with both hips and knees flexed, resembling a tucked in “ball”, or sitting cross legged

Single Footling Breech

Fetal positioning where one of the baby’s feet is the first part to emerge from the cervix and birth canal, rather than the head

Right Occiput Posterior

Fetal position where the baby’s back is positioned on the mothers right side of back and head is facing toward the belly

Left Occiput Posterior

Fetal position where the baby’s back is facing the mothers left side of back and head is facing toward belly

Right Occiput Transverse

Fetal position where the back of baby’s head is on the mothers rights side and baby’s head is positioned sideways across the pelvis

Left Occiput Transverse

Fetal position where the back of baby’s head is on the mothers left side and baby’s head is positioned sideways across the pelvis

Right Occiput Anterior

Fetal position where the baby’s head is down and facing the mothers back, and the back of the baby is against the mothers right side

Left Occiput Anterior

Fetal position where the baby’s head is down and facing the mothers back, and the back of the baby is against the mothers left side

Station -4

• High head

• Head is ballotable

• Membranes intact

Station -2/-3

• Flexion and decent

• Sagittal suture in transverse diameter

Station 0

• Engaged at the spines

• Cervix dilating, head descending

Station +2

• Deeply engaged

Station +4

• On pelvic floor and rotating

• Occiput rotating forward

Station +4/+5

• Rotation into an anterior position

• Rim of cervix felt