CH2 - Polarity

What are non-polar bonds? Provide an example.

Non-polar bonds are bonds created between two of the same atoms. This creates a symmetrical overall shape, and electrons are distributed evenly throughout the molecule.

E.g. H-H → H2

What are polar bonds? Provide an example.

Polar bonds are bonds created between two non-identical atoms. A dipole is created in polar bonds as there is a difference in the electronegativities, also resulting in an asymmetrical shape.

E.g. Cl-H → HCl

What are non-polar bonds? Provide an example.

Non-polar bonds are bonds created between two of the same atoms. This creates a symmetrical overall shape, and electrons are distributed evenly throughout the molecule.

E.g. H-H → H2

What are polar bonds? Provide an example.

Polar bonds are bonds created between two non-identical atoms. A dipole is created in polar bonds as there is a difference in the electronegativities, also resulting in an asymmetrical shape.

E.g. Cl-H → HCl

What is bond polarity?

Bond polarity is based off the electronegativities of each of the atoms in the molecule. The difference in electronegativity cannot be a negative number, therefore to find the difference, subtract the smaller electronegativity from the larger. Note that the greater the difference in electronegativities, the stronger the bond between the atoms will be.

What is the range of bond types and how are they differentiated from each other?

Ionic bond:

• The transfer of atoms between metals and non-metals

  • Highest electronegativity difference

Polar Bond:

• Unequal sharing of electrons between two non-identical non-metals

  • Second highest electronegativity difference

Non-polar Bond:

• Equal sharing of electrons between two identical non-metals

  • Lowest electronegativity difference