Grade 9 ICT 4: Hardware and Networks

A set of flashcards covering essential vocabulary related to hardware, software, and networks in the ICT curriculum for Grade 9.

Binary Code

A number system consisting of only ones and zeros, used by computers to represent all data.

CPU

The brain of the computer that carries out calculations to complete software instructions.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Volatile memory used to temporarily store information that is currently in use by the computer.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Non-volatile memory used to permanently store instructions that tell the computer how to boot.

Primary Memory

Also known as internal or main memory, stores data and instructions needed by the CPU.

Secondary Memory

External storage used for permanent, long-term data storage, such as hard disks and CDs.

Input Devices

Hardware used to input data into a computer, e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone.

Output Devices

Hardware that outputs information from a computer, e.g., monitor, printer.

Network Topology

The arrangement of different elements (links, nodes, etc.) in a computer network.

Firewall

A device or software that blocks unauthorized access to or from a private network.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any programmable device.

Phishing

The attempt to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity.

Trojan Horse

A type of malicious software that misleads users about its true intent.

Worm

A standalone malware that replicates itself and spreads to other computers.

Cloud Storage

Storing data on remote servers accessed from the internet, rather than local storage.

Spyware

Software that secretly monitors user interactions and collects information without consent.

NIC (Network Interface Card)

Hardware that connects a computer to a network.

Data Packet

A formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network.