Anatomy and Physiology Lab - Bones

Articular Cartilage

Epiphysis

Metaphysis

Diaphysis

Spongy bone

Compact bone

Provides support and protection, made of osteons

Epiphyseal seal

Medullary cavity

Head

prominent rounded surface (head of femur)

Facet

Flat surface (vertebrae)

Condyle

Rounded surface (Occipital condyle)

Process

Projection from the bone (things that stick out from the vertebrae)

Spine

Short, sharp projection (Transverse process of vertebrae)

Tubercle

Small, rounded process (Ischial spine)

Tuberosity

Large, rough surface of a bone (Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus)

Line

Smaller elevated ridge of a bone (Temporal lines of parietal bone)

Crest

Larger elevated ridge of bone (iliac crest)

Fossa

Larger pit in a bone (Mandibular fossa)

Fovea

Smaller pit in a bone

Sulcus

Groove (sigmoid - temporal bone)

Canal

Small passage in bone (inferior orbital fissure)

Foramen

Hole through bone (foramen magnum)

Meatus

Opening into a canal (external auditory meatus)

Sinus

Open space in bone (nasal sinus)

Osteocyte

Maintains bone tissue

Osteoblast

forms bone matrix

Osteogenic cell

Stem cell

Osteoclast

Resorbs bone

Osteon

The units that make up compact bone

Lamellae

Concentric - within the osteon, Interstitial - in between the osteons, Circumferential - on the outside close to the edge of the compact bone

Spongy bone

Made of trabecular bone which contains osteocytes in lacunae