Business leadership test Chap3

ethics

A code of moral principles. They are a set of standards of good or bad as opposed to right or wrong

Ethical behavior

what is accepted as good and right in the context of the governing moral code

Universalism

Suggests ethical standards apply absolutely across all cultures

Cultural relativism

ethical behaviors is always determined by cultural context

Cultural universalism

behavior that is unacceptable in one’s home environment should not be acceptable anywhere else

Ethical imperialism

an attempt to impose one’s ethical standard on others

Cultural relativism example

“When in Rome do as Romans do”, no culture’s ethics are superior. the values and practices of the local setting determine what is right or wrong

Ethical imperialism example

Certain absolute truths apply everywhere. Universal values transcend cultures in determining what is right or wrong “Don’t do anything you wouldn’t do at home”, “Thank you” is a universal language

4 views of ethical behavior

1. Utilitarian:

2. Justice

3. Moral rights view

   1. Individualism view

Utilitarian View

Does a decision do the greatest good for the most people?

Justice view

does a decision or behavior show fairness and impartiality

Moral rights view

does a decision or behavior maintain the fundamental rights of all human beings?

individualism view

does a decision or behavior promote one’s long-term self interests?

types of justice views

1. Procedural justice

2. distributive justice

   1. intercactional justice

Procedural justice

the degree to which policies and rules are fairly administered

Distributive justice

the degree to which people are treated the same regardless of individual characteristics based on ethnicity, race, age, or other particular criteria

Interactional justice

the degree to which others are treated with dignity and respect

Factors influencing ethical managerial behavior

1. manager as a person

2. employing organization

3. external environment

Manager as a person

Family influences, religious values, personal standards and needs

Employing organizations

• Policies, code of conduct

• Behavioral supervisors, peers

• Organization cultures

External environment

• government regulations

• norms and values of society

• ethical climate of industry