Ockman Test 6

Peter Abelard

Peter Abelard

He was a very smart person and wanted everyone to know that. He got a girl he was tutoring pregnant which got him in deep trouble. He was castrated because the girls uncle got mad. He then became a Monk and she became a Nun. He questioned the bible and church a lot. Church no no like that!

Thomas Aquinas

Wrote the Summa contra gentiles and summa Theologica. It was intended for everyone to read no matter what their social status was.

Pope Gregory VII

Caused the cardinals to now elect the pope. Campaigned against Lay Investiture. Investiture Controversy.

William the Conqueror

Conquered England at the battle of Hastings. He claimed he was called heir by Edward but there was no witnesses. Have true "English" people because he combined the Angles, Saxons, and Normans.

Roger de Hautville

Invaded Sicily and became King. Is a norman

Peter the Hermit

Started the Peasant Persuade. Had a vision to goto Jerusalem but ended up in hungry. THEY WERE ALSO HUNGRY. Killed Christians and Jews for food. Most of the peasants died fighting the Turks. Went "well" and many underestimated them.

Godfrey of Bouillion

Protector of the Holy Sepulchre

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Married Louis VII(7th) of England and then left him during the second crusade. Gets with Henry II(2nd) of France. She helps Henry get 1/3 of France. This makes her known as the "most powerful woman of the middle ages"

Henry II of England

Was the son of Matilda. He controlled a good chunk of France from inheritance, aka his wife Eleanor. Invented common law and trial by Jury. Has a story with Thomas Becket

Thomas Becket

Archbishop of Canterbury. Henry wanted him to do as he said instead of the Church. Thomas does what the church says either way. Henry get mad, guards overhear his hissy fit and think that it's orders to kill Thomas. They kill Thomas. Henry mad and sad because he doesn't have power in the church.

Frederick Barbarossa

HRE. Brings back Corpus Juris Civilis. Had a red beard. Started war with Italy and made a compromise. Italy gives tribute and he lets them rule themselves. He died on the way to the third crusade supposedly while taking a bath. He lived to be 89.

Saladin

Unified Muslims together and retook Jerusalem. This inspired the third crusade.

Richard I of England

Went on the third crusade. Was the only one who fought during the whole crusade. He didn’t win, but instead created a treaty with Soladine. He disobeyed the pope even since the pope didn’t want him to sign this treaty.

Innocent III

He was the most powerful medieval pope. Introduced interdict. Excommunicated entire people.

John of England

The gut that was forced to sign the magna carta. Kept on losing wars in france and raising taxes on vassals. He wouldn’t let people hunt in forest which made them mad. Nobels rebelled.

Federick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Was the closest medieval emperor to creating a unified Germany. Threw it all down the drain when he invaded Italy and got killed.

Phillip II Augustus

First to call himself the king of France. Was apart of the third crusade. Claimed he had dysentery and left the crusade. This is believed to be lie as he went home and attacked the Richards land.

Louis IX the Saint

Added more land to France. Created a new royal judicial system. Called it “parlement”.

Mansa Musa

First moleneese ruler to adopt Islam. Was very rich and broke Egypts economy because he gave away so much gold and silver. Is considered the richest man in the world.

Chinggis / Genghis Kahn (Temujin)

First to unify the Mongols and start to build their empire. Crowned as the “Great King”. His followers hid his body after he died in China because they didn’t want anyone to know how he truly died.

Ogedei Khan

Third son of Genghis Kahn. Inherits the Mongol empire and expands it to the largest extent of its history. He drank himself to death. If he wasn’t stupid and did that he could of taken over a lot. There could even be no SPAIN. (Spain without the S😔)

Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta

Mapped asia and africa while they were travelling. Marco Polo was a merchant and Ibn Battuta was a lawyer.

Hülegü

Founded the il-khanate empire, which was a branch of the Mongol empire.

Kublai Kahn

Established the yuan dynasty in China after conquring. Gave everyone that came to China a government job except actual Chinese people. P.S. he hated Chinese people.

Edward I Longshanks

Inventor of parliament. Conquered Whales and succeeded, tried to conquer Scotland but failed😢. Died as an Oldman in his castle.

William Wallace

Started the Scottish rebellion. The rebellion failed and he was hanged, drawn, and quartered(He was dead dead). They made a movie of him that Ockman states is a “complete lie” (Prof Ockman).

Robert the Bruce

Takes up later Scottish rebellion. Succeeded and became the king of Scotland. 👑

Phillip IV “The Fair”

French. Believed in the divine right of kings. He believed that he answered to nobody and nobody at all. Picked fights with the Pope and had the pope beat up. Picked a fight with England. Kicked the Jews out. He called knights templar heretic and stole all their money. Had the heretic leader killed.

Edwards III of England

His mom took over england and either killed his father or sent him to a monastery. He grows up and kicks his mom out of power. First english king to claim to be the king of France. Consider this the first phase of the 100 years war.

John Wycliffe

Said that the church shouldn’t collect wealth. Believed that people should be able to read the bible for themselves instead of just the church having it. Questioned transubstantiation.

Jan Huss

Takes all Wycliffe's ideas. “There is no transubstantiation”. Burned for heresy. He sang hymns while being burned.

Charles VI The Mad

The french king that went crazy. He went on a hunting trip and went crazy. Killed 4 of his knights while there and they held him down. He forgot his name and his wifes name. Thought he was made of glass so no one could touch him or bathe him. Had to wall up garden because he would run naked through it. Main theory is he got a virus or infection in his brain on the hunting trip that would come and go.

John of Arc

14 year old that claimed the hear voices of God. Joined that army and motivated them. Her mission was to make Charles II king. Fought with the french troop at the battle of Orleans. She got an arrow through her leg but kept fighting which motivated everyone. They won. Got captured by the burgundians, gave her to the church and the church burned her for hierarchy. 25 years later the church decided she was chill, but she was long gone.

Tamerlane

Built the last Mongol empire. Immediately disappeared because his sons were too busy fighting over it.

Sultan Mehmed II

Largest cannons created and took over constantinople leading Rome to fall.

Dante Alighieri

Wrote Divine Comedy: Inferno, ; interpretation written in the slang of Florence which will help create the italian language and start off the renaissance

Petrarch

Father of humanism.

Geoffrey Chaucer

Wrote cannebary tales. Transition from old english to middle english. You can read it if you truly hate yourself.

Christine de Pizan

Helps invent the french language. Her most famous works was the book of the cities of ladies. Got in an argument with Boccastio Quarrel De Fem(Fight over woman)

Erasmus

Philosophy of Christ, Christianity isn’t about rules and regulations, its about living like christ. Beleived in education for the world. If you want to teach the world education is your way.

Giotto

Father of renaissance painting.

Donatello

First great master of renaissance sculpture.

Leonardo da Vinci

Renaissance man. the universal compentence. Man who can do anything. Thats why he leads as the turtle.

Rapheal

Most beloved artist. He quintessential renaissance painting. The School of Athens.

Michelangelo

Painted the sistine chapel, the Statue of David was his popular sculpture. Youngest of the renaissance artist. Youngest Ninja Turtle.

The Three Field System

1st field- wheat and rye; 2nd field- oats, barley, legumes, lentils; 3rd field- fallow. Rotate the fields after

Town / City

Towns had regular church, cities had cathedrals.

Borough/Burg

City with a wall

Burghers/Bourgeoisie

Merchants that lives in the city that had walls.

Guilds & Ranks

A guild is a group of people that create the same thing (ex: baker is in a baking guild). Ranks - Apprentice(work 5-7 years no pay; training), Journey Man(Get Paid), Master(Gets to own your own shop. Have to make something good the masters consider it a masterpiece)

Romances & Romance Languages

Romance languages are languages that stem from latin. A romance is a story that has love and stuff written in a romance language.

Well-field system

When a peasant dies the government redistributes the land to help with taxes so the nobles aren’t unreasonably raising the taxes.

Shogun / Shogunate

Shogun is a military leader in Japan. A Shogunate is when they have the power and control the country/empire.

Tale of the Genji

Possibly the world's first novel. Definitely the first novel by a woman. Evolution of the Japanese language.

Angkor Wat

Worlds largest temple. Lost for 700 years and found after WWII.

Lay Investiture

When a layman appoints a clergyman usually a bishop.

Domesday Book

A big census of England under William the conqueror.

Knights Hospitaller

First crusading knights order of saint john in jerusalem. Wore the white cross.

Knights Templar

Poverty, chastity, obedience. Their symbol is the red cross. and although they are supposed to follow poverty they gather a great amount of wealth.

Teutonic Knights

German knights. Fighting in Poland. Symbol is the black cross.

Albigensians

Believe the God of the Old and New Testament are different. Old is bad and physical, New is Good an Spiritual, Must live a simple life, men and women are equal, reincarnation will continue until you live a sinful life. Church was most upset about woman having rights.

Waldensians

Christian group that helped out sick and needy and wanted to translate bible into local languages which the church doesn’t like and doesn’t quite crusade against them but do go against them.

Inquisition

Question christians that they believe are heretics. Goes bad when kingdoms say hey there is a lot of heretics here, lets kill them and take their stuff.

Dominicans

A religious order that focused on education. Founded by Saint Dominic.

Franciscans

Follow Saint Francis of Asisi. Helped the sick and needy.

Khuraltai

The council of elders amongst the mongols. Chooses the king.

fire lance

Arrow shotgun. Gunpowder, stick, big boom, died.

Golden Horde

Russia

The Il-Khanate

Persia

Yuan Dynasty

China

Flagellants

The people who whip themselves for the sins of mankind. Didn’t work well with Jews. They were fear mongering.

Pogroms

Taxing against a certain ethnic group. Usually Jews.

Renaissance

Anytime there is a rebirth of greek or roman culture.

Patronage / Patron

Paying someone to do something during the renaissance.

Utopia

Book written by Thomas More. Originally meant “no where”. Was a bout a perfect place. The definition of utopia changed from this book.

Movable Type

Version of the printing press where you can move the letters. Created by Juhan Guttenburg.

Linear Perspective

The illusion of depth.

Seventeen Point Constitution

Founding document of Japan.

East-West Schism / First Great Schism

The heads of each church kick each other out. We have two churches, orthodox and catholic.

Investiture Controversy

Henry IIII and Pope Gregory. Fighting over land lay investure. The pope uses excommunication against Henry multiple times. Henry invades Rome. Finally ends with Cordanant of Worms.

Battle of Hastings

William the Conqueror vs Herald. William wins. This makes William the king of england. Some people consider this the founding of England since other kings come from William.

The Anarchy

Civil war that starts when Matilda and Steven are fighting over who gets the throne. Steven looks like hes winning, but then his son dies. He names Matilda’s son as his heir. His name was Henry II of England.

“Crusade of Kings”

3rd crusade. Salidine is unifying the muslims and taking over Jerusalem. Barbarbarosa died taking a bath. Phillip has “dysentery”. Richard and Salidine come to an agreement. Christians are allowed but the muslims keep the city.

The Fourth Crusade

Christians attacked the Christians. Considered the biggest disaster of the crusades. Completely undermines everything. “Really bad business meeting” - Jamey

The Children’s Crusade

Nicholas of Cologne had visions of children taking over the holy land. Kids got kidnapped and sold into slavery according to legend. They probably weren't actually children and didn't actually get kidnapped. Not sure if it actually happened.

Reconquista

Spanish christians trying to reconquer spanish muslim territory.

The Battle of Bouvines

Battle in the cowfield. Auto and John vs Phillip II. England vs. France.

Magna Carta

One of the single most important documents. Limits kings from being above the law. The king cannot tax nobles. Defines like the rest of english history.

The Kamikaze

Great wind. Typhoon season comes in and destroys the mongols when the invading Japan.

Unam Sanctum

All Christians are subject to the will of the pope. Made Phillip mad.

The Avignon Papacy

Church leaves Rome and goes to France. The church was marked by corruption. The church was a puppet of the French king.

Little Ice Age

Time period where it was very cold for several centuries. Caused a famine because of increased rain. Rained a lot a lot.

The Black Death

Bubonic plague. Largest outbreak of the bubonic plague. Happened in 1348. Lost ¼ to ⅓ of the entire European population. Mongols brought it from China to the black sea, from the black sea to Sicily, from Sicily to everywhere.

Battle of Crecy

English fighting france. Apart of the 100 years war. Had Cannons and longbows. This is the battle that ended medieval warfare.

The Parliamentary Statute of 1341

The king gave parliament control over all taxes and taxation.

Golden Bull

Sets the countries who decide who the Holy Roman emperor is. 7 countries, 8 later.

Peasant's Revolt of 1381

Revolt in England. Peasants are mad about taxes. Britain had too many taxes. Marched on the city of london. Raided cafeteria. The king Richard II was willing to give in. The leader of the revolt insulted him and is killed. The messed it all up last second. Starts the process to end surphon in england.

Ciompi Revolt

Florence is hit hard by the plague so the wool business goes down and they are put down bu the Medici.

The Western Schism / Great Schism / Second Great Schism

Pope moved back to rome and died. New pope wanted reforms that made people mad, so the cardinals decide to get rid of the guy and pick a new one. Tried to get council to get rid.

Council of Constance

Convinces two popes to step down and we ignore him. They then elect a new pope martin 5