Biology Cell Structure key terms and questions

Prokaryotes

• Membrane-enclosed internal compartments (eg nucleus)

• Most have a cell wall containing petidoglycan (*not Archea)

• Believed to be very similar to the first cells to ever exist

• Include Organisms in the domains Archaea and Bacteria

• Are smaller than eukaryotic cells due to surface area to volume ration

Structure of a prokaryotic cell

• Chromosome DNA is localized in a nucleoid

• Ribosomes are in the cytoplasm

• Cell membranes is surrounded by a cell wall

eukaryotes

Prokaryotes,

eukaryotes,

archea,

capsule

nucleoid,

plasmids,

ribosomes,

synthesize proteins and are found in the cytoplasm, are found in all cells (both eukaryotes and prokaryotes)

Flagella,

• Present in some prokaryotic cells – may be one or more if present

• Used for locomotion

• Rotary motion propels the cell

pilli,

cytoplasm

found in all cells, (both eukaryotes and prokaryotes) made of cytosol in which other components of the cell are found 

QUIZ: Which of the following is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Ribosomes

Which statement best describes a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus

Which organelles below are part of the end-membrane system? Select all that apply

Ribosome

mitochondrion

Endoplasmic reticulum

Gogli apparatus

Ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, gogli apparatus

HW: Which is true of prokaryotes and their DNA

They have small extrachormsomal circles of DNA called PLASMIDS

HW: Which features are found in all cells (both prokaryotes and eukaryotes:

cell membrane

cytosol

 mitochondria

 nucleus

 location where DNA is stored

 ribosomes

Cell membrane, cytosol, location where DNA us stored, ribosomes