unit 12- infratemporal fossa and deep face

Where is the temporal fossa located?

superior to zygomatic arch

what are the boundaries of the temporal fossa

Temporal lines and zygomatic arch, then bounded by the temporal fascia

Where is the infratemporal fossa located?

inferior to zygomatic arch

is the infratemporal fossa deep or superficial to the ramus of the mandible

deep

What are the boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

infratemporal surface of maxilla, pterygoid plates, and mastoid process

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?

Muscles: temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

Nerves: branches of mandibular of V, chorda tympani of VII

Maxillary Artery branches

Pterygoid venous plexus

what type of join is the TMJ

a hinge synovial joint

what are the bones involved in the TMJ

head of the mandible, mandibular fossa of temporal bone and articular tubercle of temporal bone

what type of disc is located within the TMJ

articular disc

fibrocartilaginous disc separates superior and inferior compartments

what are the ligaments of the TMJ

-lateral ligament

-stylomandibular ligament

-sphenomandibular ligament

what movement does the lateral ligament of the TMJ prevent

posterior dislocations

Where does the lateral ligament attach?

-from lateral surface of eminence and articular tubercle to lateral aspect of the condyle and the mandibular neck

Where does the sphenomandibular ligament attach?

spine of sphenoid to lingula of mandible

which ligament is the fulcrum or "swinging hinge" of the mandible

sphenomandibular ligament

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach?

styloid process to the inside angle of the mandible

what extra part of the joint of the jaw provides some support to the mandible

thickened portion of parotid gland CT capsule

What does TMJ stand for?

temporomandibular joint

what movements do the TMJ allow

elevation/depression

protrusion/retraction

side to side

what causes retrusion of the jaw

posterior fibers of temporalis, deep part of masseter, geniohyoid, and digastric

what causes abduction/depression of the jaw

gravity, lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid

what causes protrusion of the jaw

lateral pterygoid, assisted by medial pterygoid

what arteries run through or around the TMJ

middle meningeal a. and maxillary a.

what nerves pass through or around the TMJ

auriculotemporal n., mandibular n. (CN V3), inferior alveolar n., lingual n., n. to mylohyoid

what ganglion is near the TMJ

otic ganglion

what travels through the mandibular foramen on the anterior side of the sphenomandibular ligament

mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar a. and n. to mylohyoid

what innervates the TMJ

auriculotemporal nerve and masseteric nerve

what are the muscles of mastication

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

what are the superficial muscles of mastication

temporalis m. and massester m.

what are the deep muscles of mastication

lateral pterygoid m. and medial pterygoid

what is the origin of the temporalis

Temporal fossa and fascia

what is the insertion of the temporalis

coronoid process and anterior border of the mandibular ramus

what is the action of temporalis

elevates and retracts mandible

What is the innervation of the temporalis?

CN V3 deep temporal (ant. & post.) brs.

What is the origin of the masseter?

zygomatic arch

What is the action of the masseter?

elevates mandible and deep fibers retract

What is the insertion of the masseter?

angle and ramus of mandible (lateral side)

what is the innervation of the masseter

CN V3 masseteric

What is the origin of the medial pterygoid?

medial side of lateral pterygoid plate and tuberosity of maxilla

what is the insertion of the medial pterygoid

angle and ramus of the mandible (medial side)

what is the action of the medial pterygoid muscle

elevates the mandible and small side to side movements

what is the innervation of the medial pterygoid

CN V3 n. to medial pterygoid

What is the origin of the lateral pterygoid?

greater wing of sphenoid and lateral side of lateral pterygoid plate

What is the insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

TMJ and condyle of mandible

What is the action of the lateral pterygoid?

protrudes mandible, initiates depression of mandible and side to side movements

What is the innervation of the lateral pterygoid?

CN V3 n. to lateral pterygoid

what is THE artery of the infratemporal fossa

maxillary artery

what is the maxillary artery a terminal branch of

external carotid artery

how many parts are there of the maxillary artery and what is it relative to

3 parts relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle

what are the branches of the first part of maxillary artery

Deep auricular artery

Anterior tympanic artery

Middle meningeal artery*

Accessory meningeal artery

Inferior alveolar artery*

what surrounds the middle meningeal artery

two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve

Where does the middle meningeal artery pass through?

foramen spinosum to middle cranial fossa

what is the middle meningeal artery the main supply for

dura mater

what does the middle meningeal artery pass by

pterion

where does the accessory middle meningeal artery pass through

foramen ovale

what does the accessory middle meningeal artery supply

dura mater and CN V ganglion

what is the traveling partner of inferior alveolar artery

inferior alveolar n.

where does the inferior alveolar artery enter the mandible

mandibular foramen

What does the inferior alveolar artery supply?

lower teeth

when the inferior alveolar artery exits the mandible what is its name?

mental artery

what does the terminal branch of the inferior alveolar artery supple

mental artery supplies the skin over the mandible

what are the arteries in the second part of the maxillary artery

masseteric branch

deep temporal branches

pterygoid branches

buccal artery

which part of the maxillary artery touches the lateral pterygoid muscle

part 2

where does the masseteric branch go and what does it supply

through the mandibular notch to the masseter

where does the deep temporal branches go and what does it supply

moves superiorly and deep to the temporalis

where does the ptygoid branches go and what do they supply

moves directly into medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

where does the buccal artery supply

cheek

where is the third part of the maxillary artery

medial to the lateral pterygoid muscle

where does the third part of the maxillary artery enter

pterygopalatine fossa

what does the third part of the maxillary artery supple

lower nasal cavity, palate and upper teeth, maxillary sinus, and superficial midface

what is the pterygoid venous plexus

network of veins accompanying the maxillary artery

what does the pterygoid venous plexus form

maxillary vein (very short)

what does the maxillary vein drain into

retromandibular vein

what does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with

Cranial cavity - cavernous sinus

Orbit - inferior ophthalmic veins

Superficial face - deep facial vein

Neck - retromandibular vein

does CN v3 have motor or sensory fibers

both

are cn v1 and cn v2 motor or sensory

only sensory

where does CN V start

middle cranial fossa

where does CN V move after the middle cranial fossa

through the foramen ovale to the infratemporal fossa

how many portions are there of CN V, name them

3. main trunk, anterior division, posterior division

what are the branches of the main trunk of the mandibular n

meningeal br. and n. to medial pterygoid

what are the branches of the anterior division of the mandibular n

n. to masseter, deep temporal nn., n. to lateral pterygoid, buccal n.

What are the branches of the posterior division of the mandibular n.

auriculotemporal n., lingual n., inferior alveolar n.

what is the traveling partner of meningeal branch

middle meningeal a.

what does the meningeal branch innervate

sensory to meninges

what does nerve to medial pterygoid innervate

motor to medial pterygoid

what does the masseteric nerve innervate

motor to masseter m. and sensory to TMJ

what does deep temporal nerves innervate

motor to temporalis m.

what does nerve to lateral pterygoid innervate

motor to lateral pterygoid m.

what does buccal nerve innervate

sensory to skin of cheek and nearby gums

What does the auriculotemporal nerve innervate?

sensory to TMJ skin near ear

where is the auriculotemporal n found

surrounding the middle meningeal a.

what does the auriculotemporal n. carry and to where

postganglionic parasymoathetic fibers from otic ganglion to parotid gland

What does the lingual nerve innervate?

sensory to ant. 2/3 of tongue

what does the lingual n. carry and to where

chorda tympani n. to the submandibular gg and glands and ant. 2/3 tongue (taste)

What does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate?

sensory to the mandible teeth and skin

where does the inferior alveolar nerve enter

mandibular foramen AFTER giving off n. to mylohyoid

what does the inferior alveolar nerve end as

mental nerve

what does the parasympathetic ganglion contain

postganglionic neurons which receive pre-gg fibers from CN IX

what nerve is CN IX

glossopharyngeal nerve

what supports the parasympathetic ganglion

mandibula n

where does lesser petrosal n branch through

foramen ovale